Brachial Plexus Injury Flashcards
long thoracic nerve location
lateral chest
thoracic nerve innervates
superficial surface of serratus anterior
symptoms of thoracic nerve injury
median winging of scapula
causes of thoracic nerve injury
direct trauma of ribs
strenuous repetitive movement of arms
excessive weight on shoulders
test for thoracic nerve injury
support weight of body with hands against the wall
positive - obvious dorsal protrusion
location of axillary nerve and what cord does it branch from
branch from posterior cord
moves through quadrangular space
axillary nerve innervates
deltoid teres minor
axillary nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of the
posterior lateral shoulder
causes of axillary nerve injury
fracture arounder surgical neck of humerus
shoulder dislocation
symptoms of axillary nerve injury
loss of shoulder abduction above 15 degrees
weakend external rotation of humerus
decreased shoulder stability
loss of cutaneous sensation of posterior lateral shoulder
location of radial nerve
branch from posterior cord to hand
radial nerve innervates
extensor compartments - brachioradialis, supinator
radial nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of
dorsal surface of arm and hands
radial nerve divides into
superficial in hand and deep in forearm
symptoms of radial nerve injury
wrist drop in extensor muscles in forearm
loss of elbow extension - injury proximal to tricep innervation
loss of sensation in dorsal of thumb and lateral hand
causes of radial nerve injury
fracture in shaft of humerus
nerve compression
test for radial nerve injury
upper limb neurodynamic test
musculocutaneous nerve branch form what cord
branch to lateral cord extend to lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve
musculocutaneous nerve innervates
flexor compartments, - coracobrachialis, brachialis, biceps brachii
symptoms of musculocutaneous nerve injury
loss of elbow flexion
weakened supination
causes of musculocutaneous nerve injury
compression injury caused by lots of forearm flexing, supination and weight lifting
test for musculocutaneous nerve injury
MC nerve tension test patient in supine make fist with hand - ulnar deviation extend elbow shoulder extension positive - sharp shooting pain during these movements
ulnar nerve location
travels distally by crossing the elbow joint
posterior of medial epicondyle
parallel with ulnar artery after passing medial epicondyle
ulnar nerve innervates
flexor carpi ulnaris
1/2 flexor digitorum profundus
hypothenar muscles and all other intrinsic hand muscles except thenar and 1st 2 lumbrical muscles
ulnar nerve is responsible for the cutaneous innervation of
pinky and ring finger = lateral 2 digits
causes of ulnar nerve injury
compression caused by; injury inside of the elbow fluid build up of elbow swelling or arthritis in elbow or wrist joint bone spurs in elbow medial epicondyle fracture wrist trauma
symptoms of ulnar nerve injury
tardy ulnar palsy - parasthesia of ring and little finger
loss of fine motor control
paralysis of fingers - claw hand
median nerve location
crosses elbow medial tendon to tendon of biceps brachii
median nerve splits into
anterior interosseus nerve
median nerve proper
median nerve innervates
all flexor compartments except;
flexor carpi ulnaris
1/2 flexor digitorum profundus
median nerve proper of median nerve innervates
1st 2 lumbrical muscles
3 muscles of thenar eminance
causes of median nerve injury
nerve is entrapped or inflamed by;
attempted suicide
supracondylar fracture of humerus
direct trauma to wrist and elbow joints
symptoms of median nerve injury
carpal tunnel syndrome
parasthesia and pain - thumb, middle and index finger
test of median nerve injury
patient position in supine progressively load median nerve shoulder depression with forearm on table shoulder abduction of 90 degrees external rotation forearm supination wrist, finger and elbow extension
