functional analysis of gait

Question 1

movements that occur in heel strike

Answer 1

hip flexed 30 degrees

knee flexed 30 degreeses

Question 2

movements occur in foot flat

Answer 2

hip extension
knee flexion
ankle plantar flexion

Question 3

muscles occur in foot flat

Answer 3

hip extension – gluteus max / hamstrings – concentric contraction
knee - flexion – quadriceps eccentric contraction / extension concentric contraction
ankle – plantar flexion 15°– TA / EHL / EDL – eccentric contraction to lower foot to supporting surface

Question 4

movement occur in mid stance

Answer 4

hip extension
knee extension
ankle dorsiflexion

Question 5

muscles of involved in midstance

Answer 5

hip – extension – glut max / hamstrings – no activity - momentum / hip abductors (glut med/min/ TFL) concentric to control pelvic levels / eccentric activity to lower pelvis towards the swing side
knee – extension concentric / no activity of quads
ankle – dorsiflexion 5-10° (tibia moves forward) – eccentric gastroc / soleus / plantar flexors
foot – small muscles to maintain arches

Question 6

heel off movements

Answer 6

hip extension
knee extension
ankle concentric contraction plantar flexors

Question 7

toe off movement and muscles

Answer 7

as heel off

foot - flexion toes FHL concentric

Question 8

movements of initial swing

Answer 8

hip flexion
knee flexion
ankle dorsiflexion

Question 9

muscles of initial swing

Answer 9

hip flexion- iliopsoas / rectus femoris / sartorius / adductor magnus / longus – concentric contraction
knee flexion – hamstrings concentric contraction
ankle – dorsiflexion – TA / EHL / EDL – concentric contraction

Question 10

movements of mid swing

Answer 10

hip flexion
knee extension
ankle neutral/dorsiflexion

Question 11

muscles of mid swing

Answer 11

hip flexion – glut max / hamstrings – eccentric contraction to decelerate
knee – extension quadriceps concentric initially / hamstrings eccentric to control movement
ankle – neutral / dorsiflexion isometric