Superficial And Deep Back

Question 1

The extrinsic group has which two muscle groups

Answer 1

Superficial appendicular

Intermediate respiratory

Question 2

What does the superficial appendicular group do :

Answer 2

Attaches the Axial to the appendicular skeleton

Moves the upper limb via scapula and humerus

Question 3

What is two layers is the superficial appendicular extrinsic group arranged in

Answer 3

Superficial : Trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Deep : Levator scapulae and rhomboid major and minor

Question 4

What is the role of the intermediate / respiratory group

Answer 4

Proprioception

Question 5

What makes up the intermediate / respiratory group

Answer 5

Serratus post inf and sup

Question 6

Trapezius function

Answer 6

Helps the scapula in rotating the humerus above horizontal
Upper fibers : elevate
Middle fibers : adduct
Lower fibers : depress the scapula

Question 7

Trapezius innervation

Answer 7

Motor : accessory nerve

Proprioception : cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4

Question 8

Trapezius blood supply

Answer 8

Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

Question 9

Latissimus dorsi function

Answer 9

Extends , abducts and medically rotates the humerus

Question 10

Latissimus dorsi innervation

Answer 10

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6 -C8 )

Question 11

Latissimus dorsi blood supply

Answer 11

Thoracodorsal artery

Question 12

Levator scapulae function

Answer 12

Elevates scapula

Question 13

Levator scapulae innervation

Answer 13

C3 to C4 and dorsal scapular nerve

Question 14

Levator scapulae blood supply

Answer 14

Transverse and ascending cervical arteries

Question 15

Rhomboid major and minor function

Answer 15

Retracts (adducts) and elevates the scapula

Question 16

Rhomboid major and minor nerve supply

Answer 16

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5 )

Question 17

Rhomboid major and minor blood supply

Answer 17

Deep branch of transverse cervical artery and dorsal scapular artery

Question 18

Serratus posterior superior function

Answer 18

Elevates ribs 2 -5

Question 19

Serratus posterior superior innervation

Answer 19

Anterior rami of the upper thoracic (intercostal ) nerves (T2-T5 )

Question 20

Serratus posterior superior and inferior blood supply

Answer 20

Segmental supply through intercostal arteries

Question 21

Serratus posterior inferior function

Answer 21

Depresses ribs 9-12

Question 22

Serratus posterior inferior nerve supply

Answer 22

Anterior rami of lower intercostal (thoracic ) nerves (T9 -T12)

Question 23

What is the thoracolumbar fascia

Answer 23

A membrane that throughout most of the posterior thorax and abdomen and is continuous with the deep fascia of the neck and covers the paraverterbral deep muscles of the back

Question 24

The thoracolumbar fascia is made up of 3 layers , what are they and where do they insert

Answer 24

Anterior , middle and posterior
Anterior and middle inserts by the transverse processes of the vertebral column
Posterior layer inserts by the tips of the spinous process and is continuous with the interspinous ligaments

Question 25

Functions of thoracolumbar fascia

Answer 25

Allows for sliding of the muscular and neurovascular structures
Reduces friction of muscular force
Forms muscle compartments which increase the force of contraction of groups of muscle

Question 26

Fasciotomy

Answer 26

Surgical procedure where the fascia is cut to relieve the increasing pressure in msk compartments

Question 27

Splenius capitis function

Answer 27

Acting bilaterally: Extend the neck

Question 28

Splenius capitis and cervicis innervation

Answer 28

Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves

Question 29

Splenius capitis and cervicis nerve supply

Answer 29

Deep cervical occipital

Question 30

Splenius cervicis function

Answer 30

Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes and rotates to the same side

Question 31

What forms the erector spinae muscle group

Answer 31

Spinalis , longissiumus and illocostalis

Question 32

erector spinae muscle group function acting bilaterally

Answer 32

Extend vertebral column and head as back is flexed ,control movement by gradually lengthening their fibers

Question 33

erector spinae muscle group function acting unilaterally

Answer 33

Laterally flexes vertebral column

Question 34

erector spinae muscle group innervation

Answer 34

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 35

erector spinae muscle group blood supply

Answer 35

Vertebral, deep cervical, occipital, transverse cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar and lateral sacral arteries

Question 36

Multifidus function

Answer 36

Stabilizes vertebrae

Question 37

Rotatores function

Answer 37

Stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column

Question 38

Semispinalis

(capitis, cervicis and thoracis) function

Answer 38

Extends head, cervical and thoracic regions of vertebral column (bilat.), rotates vertebral column contralaterall

Question 39

What forms the transverospinalis muscle group

Answer 39

Semispinalis ,multifidus ,rotatores

Question 40

transverospinalis muscle group innervation

Answer 40

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 41

transverospinalis muscle group blood supply

Answer 41

Blood supply: segmentally through the deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal artery, subcostal arteries, lumbar arteries

Question 42

Lymphatic drainage of the back

Answer 42

Drains into the paravertebral and retro peritoneal group of lymph nodes and segmental regions of the back

Question 43

What are the boundaries of the triangle of petit : inferiorly

Answer 43

The iliac crest

Question 44

What are the boundaries of the triangle of petit : anteriorly

Answer 44

The external abdominal oblique muscle

Question 45

What are the boundaries of the triangle of petit : posteriorly

Answer 45

Latissimus dorsi

Question 46

What are the boundaries of the triangle of petit : the floor

Answer 46

Internal oblique muscle

Question 47

The clinical significance of the triangle petit

Answer 47

Petits hernia