Superficial And Deep Back Flashcards
The extrinsic group has which two muscle groups
Superficial appendicular
Intermediate respiratory
What does the superficial appendicular group do :
Attaches the Axial to the appendicular skeleton
Moves the upper limb via scapula and humerus
What is two layers is the superficial appendicular extrinsic group arranged in
Superficial : Trapezius and latissimus dorsi
Deep : Levator scapulae and rhomboid major and minor
What is the role of the intermediate / respiratory group
Proprioception
What makes up the intermediate / respiratory group
Serratus post inf and sup
Trapezius function
Helps the scapula in rotating the humerus above horizontal
Upper fibers : elevate
Middle fibers : adduct
Lower fibers : depress the scapula
Trapezius innervation
Motor : accessory nerve
Proprioception : cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4
Trapezius blood supply
Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery
Latissimus dorsi function
Extends , abducts and medically rotates the humerus
Latissimus dorsi innervation
Thoracodorsal nerve (C6 -C8 )
Latissimus dorsi blood supply
Thoracodorsal artery
Levator scapulae function
Elevates scapula
Levator scapulae innervation
C3 to C4 and dorsal scapular nerve
Levator scapulae blood supply
Transverse and ascending cervical arteries
Rhomboid major and minor function
Retracts (adducts) and elevates the scapula
Rhomboid major and minor nerve supply
Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5 )
Rhomboid major and minor blood supply
Deep branch of transverse cervical artery and dorsal scapular artery
Serratus posterior superior function
Elevates ribs 2 -5
Serratus posterior superior innervation
Anterior rami of the upper thoracic (intercostal ) nerves (T2-T5 )
Serratus posterior superior and inferior blood supply
Segmental supply through intercostal arteries
Serratus posterior inferior function
Depresses ribs 9-12
Serratus posterior inferior nerve supply
Anterior rami of lower intercostal (thoracic ) nerves (T9 -T12)
What is the thoracolumbar fascia
A membrane that throughout most of the posterior thorax and abdomen and is continuous with the deep fascia of the neck and covers the paraverterbral deep muscles of the back
The thoracolumbar fascia is made up of 3 layers , what are they and where do they insert
Anterior , middle and posterior
Anterior and middle inserts by the transverse processes of the vertebral column
Posterior layer inserts by the tips of the spinous process and is continuous with the interspinous ligaments
Functions of thoracolumbar fascia
Allows for sliding of the muscular and neurovascular structures
Reduces friction of muscular force
Forms muscle compartments which increase the force of contraction of groups of muscle
Fasciotomy
Surgical procedure where the fascia is cut to relieve the increasing pressure in msk compartments
Splenius capitis function
Acting bilaterally: Extend the neck
Splenius capitis and cervicis innervation
Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
Splenius capitis and cervicis nerve supply
Deep cervical occipital
Splenius cervicis function
Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes and rotates to the same side
What forms the erector spinae muscle group
Spinalis , longissiumus and illocostalis
erector spinae muscle group function acting bilaterally
Extend vertebral column and head as back is flexed ,control movement by gradually lengthening their fibers
erector spinae muscle group function acting unilaterally
Laterally flexes vertebral column
erector spinae muscle group innervation
Posterior rami of spinal nerves
erector spinae muscle group blood supply
Vertebral, deep cervical, occipital, transverse cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar and lateral sacral arteries
Multifidus function
Stabilizes vertebrae
Rotatores function
Stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column
Semispinalis
(capitis, cervicis and thoracis) function
Extends head, cervical and thoracic regions of vertebral column (bilat.), rotates vertebral column contralaterall
What forms the transverospinalis muscle group
Semispinalis ,multifidus ,rotatores
transverospinalis muscle group innervation
Posterior rami of spinal nerves
transverospinalis muscle group blood supply
Blood supply: segmentally through the deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal artery, subcostal arteries, lumbar arteries
Lymphatic drainage of the back
Drains into the paravertebral and retro peritoneal group of lymph nodes and segmental regions of the back
What are the boundaries of the triangle of petit : inferiorly
The iliac crest
What are the boundaries of the triangle of petit : anteriorly
The external abdominal oblique muscle
What are the boundaries of the triangle of petit : posteriorly
Latissimus dorsi
What are the boundaries of the triangle of petit : the floor
Internal oblique muscle
The clinical significance of the triangle petit
Petits hernia
