Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK 💪🏾 > Cartilage > Flashcards

Cartilage Flashcards

1
Q

Hyaline cartilage- Cells:

A

Chondroblasts & chondrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hyaline cartilage-• Extracellular matrix:

A

Type II collagen fibers

GAGs- hyaluronic acid and glycoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hyaline cartilage-Growth:

A

Appositional & interstitial growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hyaline cartilage-Degeneration:

A

Does not readily degenerate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hyaline cartilage-Calcification

A

Calcifies – bone formation & aging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hyaline cartilage-Functions:

A 
Supportive
• Cushioning
• Shock absorber
• Growth plate
• Model for bone formation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hyaline cartilage-Histology

A 
•Matrix has a “glassy” appearance
because fibers and ground substance
has the same refractive index
•ECM correlates to function!
• Collagen
• Sulfated groups
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hyaline cartilage-Locations in the body

A
  • Nose (cartilaginous portion)
  • Tracheal and bronchial rings
  • Laryngeal cartilages
  • Costal cartilages
  • Articular surfaces of long bones
  • Epiphyseal growth plate
  • Fetal skeleton
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Appositional Growth

A 
occurs from chondrogenic cells in
the perichondrium differentiating
into chondroblasts, forming a new
layer of cartilage around the
periphery of the existing cartilage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Appositional Growth

A 
occurs from chondrogenic cells in
the perichondrium differentiating
into chondroblasts, forming a new
layer of cartilage around the
periphery of the existing cartilage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Interstitial Growth

A

occurs only in young cartilage
from cell divisions within the
cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Regeneration-Hyaline cartilage

A

regenerates very
poorly and often the
perichondrium forms
scar tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Articular cartilage

A

type of Hyaline cartilage found at
articular surfaces
• does not have perichondrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Various regions of articular cartilage:

A
  1. Tangential layer
  2. Transitional layer
  3. Radial layer
  4. Calcified cartilage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Elastic cartilage-Cells:

A

• Chondroblasts and chondrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Elastic cartilage-Extracellular matrix:

A

Type II collagen fibers & elastic fibers
• GAGs and glycoproteins, multi-adhessive
glycoproteins

17
Q

Elastic cartilage-Growth:

A

Appositional & interstitial growth

18
Q

Elastic cartilage-Degeneration:

A

Does not readily degenerate

19
Q

Elastic cartilage-Calcification:

A

Never calcifies

20
Q

Elastic cartilage-Function:

A

Support with flexibility

21
Q

Elastic cartilage-Locations in the body:

A
  • Pinna of the ear
  • External acoustic meatus
  • Eustachian tube
  • Epiglottis
22
Q

Elastic cartilage v hyaline cartilage

A 
•Perichondrium present
•Does not degenerate as readily
as hyaline cartilage
•Is often found with hyaline
cartilage
23
Q

Fibrocartilage-Cells:

A

• Fibroblasts transform to chondrocytes

under stress

24
Q

Fibrocartilage-ECM:

A 
• produced by chondrocytes and
fibroblasts
• Predominantly Type I collagen fibers
• Also contains Type II collagen fibers
• GAGs - predominantly chondroitin and
dermatan sulphates
25
Q

Fibrocartilage-Growth:

A

• Only interstitial growth (due to

absence of perichondrium)

26
Q

Fibrocartilage-Function

A

Resists deformation under stress

Support and tensile strength

27
Q

Fibrocartilage-Locations in the body

A
  • Intervertebral disc (annulus fibrosis)
  • At the pubic symphysis
  • Medial & lateral menisci
  • Attachment of ligament to bone
  • Intersections of some tendons and ligaments
  • Articular disc
28
Q

Fibrocartilage- general

A 
-Absence of perichondrium
• Matrix contains type I (mainly) & type
II collagen fibers
-These fibers can be seen here with
H&E and trichrome staining.
29
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

It is a degenerative joint disease that predominantly affects the weight bearing
joints
- Histopathological findings:
Early- articular cartilage loses its smooth appearance (surface fibrillations, flaking)
Later- progressive erosion until exposure of underlying bone (eburnation, osteophyte
formation, cystic degeneration)

MSK 💪🏾 (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions