Posterior abdominal wall

Question 1

Abdominopelvic cavity..Upper boundary

Answer 1

thoraco-abdominal diaphragm

Question 2

Abdominopelvic cavity..Lower boundary

Answer 2

pelvic diaphragm

Question 3

Abdominopelvic cavity..Pelvic inlet

Answer 3

the division between the abdominal and pelvic

cavities

Question 4

Abdominopelvic cavity..Parietal peritoneum

Answer 4

lines the abdominal wall and the pelvic organs

serving as an additional separation

Question 5

Diaphragm

Answer 5

Muscular and tendinous separation between the thorax

and abdome

Question 6

what lines the Diaphragm

Answer 6

peritoneum

Question 7

what are the 3 openings of the diaphragm :

Answer 7

inferior vena cava T8
esophagus T10
aorta T12

Question 8

Blood supply of the diaphragm :

Answer 8

superior and inferior phrenic arteries
-musculophrenic arteries
–pericardiophrenic arteries

Question 9

diaphragm innervation ;

Answer 9

phrenic nerves (C3, 4, 5)

Question 10

Right phrenic nerve palsy

Answer 10

• Right dome of
diaphragm higher
than left
(usually caused by a mass damaging the phrenic nerve )

Question 11

Psoas major

Answer 11

Action; flexes hip

Innervated by ventral rami of L1-3

Question 12

Quadratus lumborum

Answer 12

bending (lateral flexion)

Innervated by ventral rami of T12-L4

Question 13

Iliacus

Answer 13

Action: flexion of hip

Innervated by femoral nerve

Question 14

Lumbar plexus

Answer 14

The nerve supply of the posterior abdominal wall, pelvic walls and floor and lower
limb are closely related
(anterior and medial thigh)

Question 15

sacral plexus

Answer 15

pelvic muscles, gluteal region and posterior lower limb

Question 16

Iliohypogastric supplies ?(T12-L1)

Answer 16

internal oblique-transversus muscles, skin above pubis (suprapubic)
and gluteal region

Question 17

Ilioinguinal supplies ;

Answer 17

: internal oblique-transversus muscles, skin over upper medial thigh, anterior
scrotum and labia majora

Question 18

Genitofemoral supplies

Answer 18

enital branch: supply cremaster and scrotum

femoral branch: skin of the femoral triangle

Question 19

Lateral femoral cutaneous supplies ?

Answer 19

skin of the anterior and lateral thigh

Question 20

Femoral supplies :

Answer 20

skin of the anterior thigh, medial part of leg, hip and knee joints. Quadriceps
femoris, pectineus, sartorius muscles

Question 21

Obturator supplies :

Answer 21

skin on medial side of the thigh, adductor muscles

Question 22

efferent limb of the cremasteric muscle reflex arc

Answer 22

Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve supplies the cremaster muscle

Question 23

afferent limb of the cremasteric reflex arc

Answer 23

Ilioinguinal nerve supplies the upper medial portion of the thigh

Question 24

what supplies the femoral triangle

Answer 24

Femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve

Question 25

what artery supplies the pelvis and gluteal region

Answer 25

Internal iliac artery

Question 26

where does the internal iliac veins receive blood from ?

Answer 26

pelvic organs, pelvic wall and gluteal region

Question 27

where does the external iliac vein receive blood from :

Answer 27

the lower anterior abdominal wall and lower limb

Question 28

where does the IVC directly receive blood from :

Answer 28

``` – lumbar – right inferior phrenic – renal – right suprarenal – right gonadal – hepatic – common iliac veins ```

Question 29

where does the IVC indirectly receive blood from :

Answer 29

``` – left inferior phrenic (via renal veins) – femoral and lower limb veins (via external iliac) – anterior abdominal wall (via external iliac) – pelvic organs (via internal iliac) – left gonadal (via left renal) – left suprarenal (via renal) ```

Question 30

Azygos system of veins

Answer 30

Receives blood from the posterior walls of the thorax and abdomen into the superior vena cava

Question 31

Internal thoracic veins

Answer 31

continuous with superior and inferior epigastric veins and thus connects external iliac vein with subclavian vein on to right atrium eventually

Question 32

Axillary vein

Answer 32

superficial epigastric veins anastomose with thoraco-epigastric veins which drain into the axillary vein which becomes subclavian, brachiocephalic to form superior vena cava with brachiocephalic vein from contralateral side

Question 33

lymphatic drainage of abdomen and pelvis

Answer 33

-posterior abdominal wall drain into the lumbar nodes -drain into the cisterna chy

Question 34

cisterna chyli

Answer 34

a large fluid filled sac which collects lymph of the entire lower part of the body