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MSK 💪🏾 > Anterior Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region Flashcards

1
Q

whats in the Rt hypochondriac region

A

liver, gallbladder

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2
Q

whats in the Epigastric region

A

pancreas, stomach, celiac trunk

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3
Q

whats in the Lt hypochondriac region ?

A

spleen, left colic flexure, splenic

vessels

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4
Q

whats in the right lumbar region

A

cecum

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5
Q

whats in the umbilical region ?

A

small intestine, SMA, renal

arteries

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6
Q

whats in the left lumbar region

A

descending colon

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7
Q

whats in the right iliac and hypogastric regions :

A

appendix, right ovary, bladder (when full), IMA

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8
Q

whats in the L iliac region

A

left ovary, sigmoid colon

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9
Q

Camper’s fascia

A

external, fatty
males fat fuses with the scarpas layer to form dartos fascia
females retain and form labia majora

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10
Q

Scarpa’s fascia

A

• Deeper located and membranous

-continues into the superficial perineal fascia (Colles )

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11
Q

external oblique function and innervation

A

-Bilateral - anterior flexion of trunk
-Unilateral - lateral flexion, rotation
-Segmental nerves
-aponeurosis forms part of the
anterior layer of the rectus sheath

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12
Q

internal oblique

A

-Bilateral - anterior flexion of trunk
Unilateral - lateral flexion, rotation
-segmental nerve

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12
Q

transversus abdominus

A
  • Compress and support abdominal viscera

- innervated by segmental nerves

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12
Q

what forms the conjoint tendon

A

-The inferior portion of the IO joins with the
aponeurosis of transversus abdominis
-The inferior portion of TA joins with the internal
oblique

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13
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Action: flexion, tenses wall
Innervation: segmental nerves

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14
Q

Pyramidalis

A

Action: tenses the linea alba
Innervation: T12

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15
Q

Rectus Sheath

A

The aponeuroses of the lateral abdominal muscles forms a thick sheath that encloses the rectus
abdominis

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16
Q

Describe the midline of the rectus sheath :

A

-All aponeuroses fuse in the midline (linea alba) to separate the left and right rectus muscles

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17
Q

Describe the lateral border of the rectus sheath

A

This is another region of fusion demarcating the linea semiluaris

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18
Q

describe the ant. and post . of the rectus sheath :

A

comprised of different combinations of the aponeuroses

depending on the lev

19
Q

what does contraction of the abdominal wall muscles allow :

A
  • Defecation
  • Micturition
  • Parturition
20
Q

when do we have forced expiration

A

When the abdominal muscles contract

and diaphragm relaxes simultaneously

21
Q

Blood supply of the anterior abdominal wall : superficial superior

A

. Superior part of the wall –
musculophrenic (terminal
branch of internal thoracic)

22
Q

Blood supply of the anterior abdominal wall : superficial inferior

A

superficial epigastric artery +

superficial circumflex iliac artery

23
Q

Blood supply of the anterior abdominal wall;

superior deep

A 
superior
epigastric artery (terminal branch of
the internal thoracic artery)
24
Q

Blood supply of the anterior abdominal wall;deep lateral

A

intercostal

arteries + subcostal artery

25
Q

Blood supply of the anterior abdominal wall;deep inferior

A

inferior
epigastric artery + deep circumflex
iliac artery (both branches of the
external iliac artery)

26
Q

which two abdominal arteries anastomose and enter the rectus sheath

A

The superior +

inferior epigastric arteries

26
Q

which two abdominal arteries anastomose and enter the rectus sheath

A

The superior +

inferior epigastric arteries

27
Q

lymphatic drainage of abdominal wall : areas above the umbiicus drain to ?

A

to the
axilla or parasternal
nodes

28
Q

lymphatic drainage of abdominal wall:areas below the umbilicus drain into

A

superficial inguinal

nodes

29
Q

Median abdominal incision

A

At the linea alba good for exploratory
laparotomy; advantage is that no blood vessels
cross the area, good suture repair

30
Q

Pfannenstiel abdominal incision

A
  • Above the pubic symphysis

- Caesarean section

31
Q

Mc Burney’s point abdominal incisions

A 
-2/3 between the umbilicus
and ASIS
•Appendectomy
• Avoids ilioinguinal nerve (#12)
and iliohypogastric nerve
32
Q

Kocher abdominal incision

A
  • Subcostal

• For access to the gallbladder

33
Q

Arcuate line

A

Termination of the aponeurotic portion of rectus sheath

Transversalis fascia continues

34
Q

Hesselbach’s triangle

A

Medial border: lateral edge of the rectus sheath
Inferior border: inguinal ligament
Lateral border: inferior epigastric artery

35
Q

Inguinal region

A

-Provides passage from the abdominal
cavity to the lower limb and perineum
-Males: spermatic cord, ilioinguinal nerve
-Females: round ligament, ilioinguinal nerve

36
Q

How do the testes develop:

A

-Descends into the scrotum by passing through the
abdominal wall
-Creates the inguinal canal
-Spermatic cord is formed as the testes pass through
the different layers, obtaining a portion of each

37
Q

what forms the External spermatic

fascia

A

formed by external abdominal

oblique aponeurosis

38
Q

what form the Internal spermatic fascia

A

formed by transversalis fascia

39
Q

what forms the Tunica vaginalis

A 
formed by parietal
peritoneum
contains a small amount of
fluid that gets reabsorbed
when proximal part
becomes obliterated
40
Q

what forms the Cremaster muscle

A

formed by internal
abdominal oblique muscle
and aponeurosis

41
Q

function of the Dartos muscle

A

muscle layer that allows for

puckering of the skin

42
Q

Inguinal hernias

A

protrusion of parietal peritoneum, gastrointestinal
viscera (small and/or large intestines), fat through
inguinal canal and possibly into the scrotum

43
Q

Direct Inguinal hernias

A
  • Medial to the inferior epigastric vessels
  • Only through the superficial ring
  • Acquired
  • Strain - picking up a heavy object
44
Q

Indirect inguinal hernias

A

• Lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels
• Passes through both deep and superficial
rings
• Congenital
• Patent processus vaginalis

44
Q

Hydrocele

A

Collection of fluid in the tunica vaginalis

Usually in infants

MSK 💪🏾 (36 decks)

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