DLA Lower limb I Flashcards
Shenton’s line:
Formed by the medial edge of femoral neck
and the inferior edge of the superior pubic ramus
Disrupton of the cortical
bone indicates
the presence of a fracture • Shenton’s line is disrupted Lesser trochanter more prominent due to the external rotation
Intracapsular fracture:
Fractures of the neck of the
femur
Intracapsular fracture:Subcapital:
below the femoral head
Intracapsular fracture-Transcervical:
across the mid femoral neck
Intracapsular fracture-Basicervica
across the base of the femoral neck
Extracapsular fracture
Intertrochanteric fracture • fracture line runs between the two trochanters • note the fracture does not involve the femoral head and neck
Posterior hip dislocation
posterior dislocations are most common ischiofemoral ligament is weak • the femoral head lies superior and lateral to the acetabulum Sciatic Nerve can be damaged
Anterior drawer test
The proximal head of the tibia
can be pulled anteriorly away
from the femur indicating a
possible ACL tear
Posterior drawer test
The proximal head of the tibia can be
pushed posteriorly on the femur
indicating a possible PCL tear
Patellar tendon ‘knee jerk’ reflex
- patient should be relaxed
- strike the patella tendon
- observe knee extension
- testing L3-L4 spinal nerve
Baker’s cyst
Collection of synovial fluid from the knee joint or a bursa forming a synoviallined sac in the popliteal space (typically the semimembranosus bursa)
Comminuted fracture:
A fracture in which a bone is
broken, splintered, or crushed
into a number of pieces
Achilles tendon ‘ankle jerk’ reflex
patient should be relaxed
• strike the Achilles tendon
• observe for plantar flexion testing the S1 spinal nerve
