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MSK 💪🏾 > Development Of Nervous System > Flashcards

Development Of Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Development of CNS : germ layers - endoderm

A

GI tract ,liver and lungs

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2
Q

Development of CNS - mesoderm

A

Urogenital system , CV system , muscles , bone

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3
Q

Development of CNS : ectoderm (surface ectoderm )

A

Anterior pituitary ,lens ,cornea

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4
Q

Development of CNS : ectoderm (neural tube )

A

Posterior pituitary,retina ,optic nerve ,brain ,spinal cord (CNS)

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5
Q

What happens in the 3rd week of development

A

Notochord induces the cells of the overlying ectoderm to differentiate into neuroectoderm

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6
Q

What does the neuroectoderm contain

A

Neural plate and neural groove (neural tune develops and neural crest cells migrate )

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7
Q

Development of CNS : ectoderm (neural crest )

A

Develops into PNS AND ANS

adrenal medulla , autonomic and sensory nerves

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8
Q

What’s happening In neurulation

A

By the end of week 3
Wide cranial portion - future Brain
Narrow caudal portion - future spinal cord

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9
Q

How does the future spinal cord lengthen

A

Somites continue to develop and be added to the trunk region

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10
Q

Day 22 of neurulation

A

Neural folds begin to fuse closing the neural groove

Neuroectodermal cells along crest of folds separate

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11
Q

What happens after day 22 of neurulation

A

A narrow neural canal is present and it gets smaller as the cells In the wall of the neural tube proliferate

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12
Q

What are the openings in the tube that eventually close and when do they close

A

Rostral neuropore - closes day 25

Caudal neuropore - closes day 27

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13
Q

What are the primary brain vesicles

A

Prosencephalon - forebrain
Mesencephalon - midbrain
Rhombencephalon - hindbrain

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14
Q

Secondary blood vesicles

A 
Telencephalon 
Diencephalon 
Mesencephalon 
Metencephalon 
Myelencephalon
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15
Q

What initially lines the neural tube

A

A thick layer of neuroepithelium which forms the ventricular zone

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16
Q

What happens in the spinal cord development

A

Cells in the ventricular zone multiply and they ,ingrate to the intermediate zone (mantle layer)
These cells then different every into neuroblasts which will firm neurons

17
Q

Where will you find the intermediate zone (mantle layer )

A

Between the ventricular zone and the marginal zone

18
Q

What separates the alar and basal plates

A

The sulcus limitians

19
Q

The intermediate zone thickens in which 4 regions

A

Pair of alar plates dorsal horns and dorsal gray columns

Pair of basal plates centrally (ventral somatic motor and lateral horns )

20
Q

In spinal cord development what forms the gray matter

A

The intermediate layer

21
Q

In spinal cord development what forms the white matter

A

The marginal layer

22
Q

In spinal development what forms the central canal

A

The cavity of the neural tube

23
Q

What does the ventricular zone in spinal development form

A

The ependymal lining of the central canal

24
Q

Adjacent mesenchyme condenses to form a primordial menix with two layers : what are the two layers

A

Inner - derived from neural crests - pia and arachnoid mater
Outer - derived from mesoderm - dura mater

25
Q

Sclertome - caudal dense part forms ;

A

The intervertebral disc , forms the anulus fibrous of the disc

26
Q

How does a hemi vertrbra occur

A

If one of the pairs of the sclerotomes fail to develop

27
Q

Which cells of the sclerotome make up the vertebral body

A

The cranially placed loosely packed cells

28
Q

What do the remnants of the sclerotome form

A

They form the mesenchymal primordium of the vertebra

29
Q

What are the 3 ossification centers

A

1 centrum - body and 2 neural arch centers (first to ossify )

30
Q

When does the first primary ossification center appear

A

By the end of the 7th week

31
Q

Spina bifida -occulta

A

No bulge over bony defect
No neurological deficits
Tuft of hair or skin dimple may be present

32
Q

Spina bifida - cystica meningocele

A

Bulge over defect

Contains meninges and CSF and subarachnoid space

33
Q

Spina bifida - cystica with meningomyelocele

A

Bulge is seen over defect

Contains meninges ,cord and nerves

34
Q

Spina bifida - cystica with myeloschisis

A

Skin and bony defect with open spinal cord ,seen as a mass of neural tissue

35
Q

Meroencephaly

A

Failure of rostral neuropore to close
Absence of large part of brain and skull
Fatal

36
Q

Hirschsprung’s disease

A

Enflamed sigmoid colon

MSK 💪🏾 (36 decks)

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