Study Questions for Bone Tissue Flashcards
1
Q
- What is the functional significance of the periosteum?
A
- The periosteum is essential for growth in bone thickness, bone repair, and bone nutrition. It also serves as a point of attachment for ligaments and tendons.
2
Q
- Why is bone resorption important?
A
- Bone resorption is necessary for the development, growth, maintenance, and repair of bone.
3
Q
- As people age, some central (haversion) cnals may become blocked. What effect would this have on the surrounding osteocytes?
A
- The central (haversian) canals are the main blood supply to the osteocytes of an osteon, so their blockage would lead to death of the osteocytes.
4
Q
- Where do periosteal arteries enter bone tissue?
A
- Periosteal arteries enter bone tissue through the nutrient foramen and travel alone the perforations (volkmann’s canal)
5
Q
- Which bones of the body develop by intramembranous ossification?
A
- Flat bones of the skull develop by intramembranous ossification.
6
Q
- If x-rays of an 18 yr old basketball player show clear epiphyseal plates but no epiphyseal lines, is she likely to grow taller?
A
- Yes, she probably will grow taller. Epoiphyseal lines are indications of growth zones that have ceased to function. The absence of epipheseal lines indicates that the bone is still lengthening.
7
Q
- How does the medullary cavity enlarge during growth in thickness?
A
- The medullary cavity enlarges by activity of the osteoclasts in the endosteum.
8
Q
- What is the difference between an open fracture and a closed fracture?
A
- In an open fracture the ends of the bone break through the skin; in closed fracture they do not.
9
Q
- Why does it sometimes take months for a fracture to heal?
A
- Healing of bone fractures can take months because calcium and phosphorus deposition is a slow process, and bone cells generally grow and reproduce slowly.
10
Q
- If you wanted to develop a drug to lessen the effects of osteoporosis (a disease of bone breakdown) would you look for a chemical that inhibits the activity of osteoclasts or osteoblasts?
A
- Osteoclasts
11
Q
- Bone growth in length is called __________ growth, and bone growth is diameter is called ___________ growth.
A
- Interstitial or longitudinal; appositional
12
Q
- The crystallized inorganic mineral salts in bone contribute to bone’s _____________, while the collagen fib ers and other organic molecules provide bone with ________.
A
- Hardness; tensile strength
13
Q
- Bone resorption involves increase activity of osteoclasts. (true/false)
A
- True
14
Q
- The formation of bone from cartilage is known as endochondral ossification. (true/false)
A
- True
15
Q
- Place in order the steps involved in intramembranous ossification. (1) bony matrices fuse to form traceculae (2) clusters of osteoblasts from a center of ossificiation that secretes the organic extracellular matris. (3) Spongy bone is replaced with compact bone on the bone’s surface. (4) Periosteum develops on the bone’s periphery. (5) The extracellular matrix hardens by deposition of calcium and mineral salts.
A
(d) clusters of osteoblasts from a center of ossificiation that secretes the organic extracellular matris. ,The extracellular matrix hardens by deposition of calcium and mineral salts. ,bony matrices fuse to form traceculae,Periosteum develops on the bone’s periphery.,Spongy bone is replaced with compact bone on the bone’s surface.
