Chapter 6 Skeletal System vocab

Question 1

Diaphysis

Answer 1

shaft forming the long axis of the bone. constructed of thick collar of compact bone surrounding the medullary cavity.

Question 2

Medullary cavity

Answer 2

cavity containing fat/yellow marrow.

Question 3

Epiphysis

Answer 3

the bone ends. a small thin layer of articular (hyaline) cartilage covers the joint surface of each epiphysis cushioning opposing bone ends.

Question 4

epiphyseal line

Answer 4

remnant of epiphyseal plate.

Question 5

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 5

growth plate - a disc of hyaline cartilage

Question 6

Periosteum

Answer 6

glistening white double-layered membrane that covers the external surface of the entire bone except the joint surfaces.

Question 7

endosteum

Answer 7

delicate connective tissue membrane covering the internal bone surfaces

Question 8

Osteogenic cell

Answer 8

Stem cell

Question 9

Osteoblast

Answer 9

Matrix-synthesizing cell responsible for bone growth

Question 10

Osteocyte

Answer 10

mature bone cell that monitors and maintains the mineralized bone matrix

Question 11

Osteoclast

Answer 11

bone-resorbing cell

Question 12

Osteon (haversian system)

Answer 12

a structural unit of compact bone is called osteon or haversian system.
An osteon is an elongated cylinder oriented parrallel the the long axis of the bone. Functionally they are tiny weight baring structures.

Question 13

Lamella

Answer 13

a matrix tube layer of the osteon. Like rings of a tree.

Question 14

Haversian canal

Answer 14

a canal running through the center of the osteon. containing blood vesels and small nerve fibers.