study designs and quality concepts Flashcards
What are the tools for a quality toolbox?
- Gap analysis
- Root cause analysis (RCA)
- Failure mode effect analysis (FMEA)
- Control charts
- Checklists
- Guidance documents
Ongoing continuous cycle that focuses on patient clinical outcomes, customer satisfaction, and service
Performance Improvement
What are the three focuses of performance improvement?
- clinical outcomes
- customer satisfaction
- Service
Example of Performance improvement
PDSA (plan, do, study, act cycle
What to err is human brought attention to
- patient safety and medical errors
- 2% of all deaths are due to preventable medical errors
What did crossing the quality chasm cover?
- calls for changes to healthcare processes to improve quality of care
- set up framework for healthcare quality improvement
- stresses importance of patient and family centered care
Parts of robust performance improvement programs
- measure how facility or organization perform RCA
- reports individual physician or unit rates
- benchmarks infection rates against community, state, and national averages
Strategic plan steps
1) analysis of the organization
2) forming conclusions about what an organization must do as a result of issues facing the organization
3) action planning
Determines organization will go in the future and what the organization must do in order to reach the goal, mission, or vision
Strategic Plan
Culture to create and need senior leadership buy in
create quality culture
Technique used to compare best practices with the current processes and determine the steps to take to move from a current state to a desired future state
gap analysis
Takes retrospective look at adverse outcomes and determines what happened and why it happened and what an organization can do to prevent the situation from recurring
Root cause analysis
How to collect info for a root cause analysis
- structured interviews
- document reviews
- field observations
Key word for when to do a root cause analysis?
Sentinel event
What does the RCA process consider?
- human and other factors
- Process or system involved
- underlying causes and effects of the process
- Risks and potential contributions to failure
What to avoid in RCA
NO individual blame
Limitations of RCA?
- Must delve deep to determine process changes needed
- Expensive, time consuming, labor intensive
- May require training on techniques goals and outcomes
What chart goes best with the RCA?
Fishbone or ishikawa diagram
Root cause analysis main issues: procedures/ standards
- No procedure
- Poor procedure
- well written procedure, but out of date
Root cause analysis issues: people
- poorly trained
- NO training
- people were trained, but chose not to follow the procedure
proactive, preventative approach to identify potential opportunities for error
Failure mode effect analysis
Utilized to investigate public health issues and improve hc outcomes, points out what org should plan for and how to use resources and guide efforts within a framework
SWOT analysis (strength, weaknesses, opportunities, threats)
process of prioritizing large list of topics into a final selection for performance improvement
Multivoting
prevention of infection within organization by writing simple steps, implement into daily work and from aviation
checklists
