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Ash's Certification Study > study designs and quality concepts > Flashcards

study designs and quality concepts Flashcards

1
Q

What are the tools for a quality toolbox?

A
  • Gap analysis
  • Root cause analysis (RCA)
  • Failure mode effect analysis (FMEA)
  • Control charts
  • Checklists
  • Guidance documents
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2
Q

Ongoing continuous cycle that focuses on patient clinical outcomes, customer satisfaction, and service

A

Performance Improvement

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3
Q

What are the three focuses of performance improvement?

A
  • clinical outcomes
  • customer satisfaction
  • Service
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4
Q

Example of Performance improvement

A

PDSA (plan, do, study, act cycle

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5
Q

What to err is human brought attention to

A
  • patient safety and medical errors
  • 2% of all deaths are due to preventable medical errors
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6
Q

What did crossing the quality chasm cover?

A
  • calls for changes to healthcare processes to improve quality of care
  • set up framework for healthcare quality improvement
  • stresses importance of patient and family centered care
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7
Q

Parts of robust performance improvement programs

A
  • measure how facility or organization perform RCA
  • reports individual physician or unit rates
  • benchmarks infection rates against community, state, and national averages
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8
Q

Strategic plan steps

A

1) analysis of the organization
2) forming conclusions about what an organization must do as a result of issues facing the organization
3) action planning

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9
Q

Determines organization will go in the future and what the organization must do in order to reach the goal, mission, or vision

A

Strategic Plan

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10
Q

Culture to create and need senior leadership buy in

A

create quality culture

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11
Q

Technique used to compare best practices with the current processes and determine the steps to take to move from a current state to a desired future state

A

gap analysis

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12
Q

Takes retrospective look at adverse outcomes and determines what happened and why it happened and what an organization can do to prevent the situation from recurring

A

Root cause analysis

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13
Q

How to collect info for a root cause analysis

A
  • structured interviews
  • document reviews
  • field observations
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14
Q

Key word for when to do a root cause analysis?

A

Sentinel event

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15
Q

What does the RCA process consider?

A
  1. human and other factors
  2. Process or system involved
  3. underlying causes and effects of the process
  4. Risks and potential contributions to failure
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16
Q

What to avoid in RCA

A

NO individual blame

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17
Q

Limitations of RCA?

A
  1. Must delve deep to determine process changes needed
  2. Expensive, time consuming, labor intensive
  3. May require training on techniques goals and outcomes
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18
Q

What chart goes best with the RCA?

A

Fishbone or ishikawa diagram

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19
Q

Root cause analysis main issues: procedures/ standards

A
  • No procedure
  • Poor procedure
  • well written procedure, but out of date
20
Q

Root cause analysis issues: people

A
  • poorly trained
  • NO training
  • people were trained, but chose not to follow the procedure
21
Q

proactive, preventative approach to identify potential opportunities for error

A

Failure mode effect analysis

22
Q

Utilized to investigate public health issues and improve hc outcomes, points out what org should plan for and how to use resources and guide efforts within a framework

A

SWOT analysis (strength, weaknesses, opportunities, threats)

23
Q

process of prioritizing large list of topics into a final selection for performance improvement

A

Multivoting

24
Q

prevention of infection within organization by writing simple steps, implement into daily work and from aviation

A

checklists

25
Q

Used to ID how processes change over time

A

Run charts

26
Q

allow for the mean or average to be determined and show changes to the mean/ average

A

Run chart

27
Q

Demonstrate special cause variation when there is a steady pattern of observation points falling above or below the mean/ average line in an equal pattern

A

Run chart

28
Q

Gather large amount of language data and creatively group the data based on lines of natural relationships

A

Affinity diagrams

29
Q

When are affinity diagrams typically used?

A

After brainstorming sessions or customer surveys

30
Q

Series of vertical charts arranged and sorted in descending order of height from left to right with a cumulative percent line on the y-axis

A

Pareto charts

31
Q

Allow a team to ID where their efforts will produce the greatest value, implying that 80% of the benefits will stem from 20% of the causes

A

Pereto charts

32
Q

True or false: a line graph shows how long an issue has existed

A

True

33
Q

True or false: a pareto chart is used to prioritize opportunities for improvement

A

True

34
Q

True or false: pareto charts can be used to show many different views of a given data set

A

True

35
Q

For pareto analysis, what data should be collected for analysis (think the w questions)

A

Who
Where
What
When

36
Q

Concentrates on precision and accuracy that leads to defect free products or services

A

Six Sigma and the lean approach

37
Q

What are strategies used in six sigma and the lean approach?

A
  • value stream mapping
  • transactional mapping
  • just-in-time training
38
Q

What is the main format for six sigma and lean approach?

A

DMAIC
Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control

39
Q

part of PDSA: ID responsibilities for the program, process mapping or gap analysis

A

Plan

40
Q

part of PDSA: plan is executed (strategies implemented)

A

Do

41
Q

part of PDSA: analysis of actions, developing pilot programs and conducting strategic planning activities

A

Study

42
Q

What quality tools can be used during the study phase of PDSA?

A

RCA or FMEA

43
Q

part of PDSA: institute strategies and measure the effect of the action on the project

A

Act

44
Q

Patient harm that is the result of treatment by the healthcare system rather than from the health condition of the patient?

A

Adverse event

45
Q
A

Ash's Certification Study (22 decks)

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