Management and Communication

Question 1

Per the APIC delphi project of 2002, what are the recommended IP staffing levels per acute care beds?

Answer 1

• 0.8 to 1.0 IPs for every 100 occupied acute care beds

Question 2

Per the APIC Mega Survey of 2015, what is the recommended IP staffing level

Answer 2

1.25 IPs per 100 inpatient census

Question 3

What are the regulations for IP staffing levels?

Answer 3

Federal agencies do not regulate the IP staffing at a facility

Question 4

What are CMS rules for IP staffing?

Answer 4

Resources must be adequate to accomplish the tasks required of the program

Question 5

What are SHEA’s business case analysis steps 1-2

Answer 5

1) Frame the problem and develop a hypothesis about potential solutions
2) Meet with key admin

Question 6

What are SHEA’s business case analysis steps 3-4

Answer 6

3) Determine the annual cost
4) Determine what costs can be avoided through reduced infection rates

Question 7

What are SHEA’s business case analysis steps 5-6

Answer 7

5) determine costs associated with the infection of interest at your hospital
6) calculate financial impact

Question 8

What are SHEA’s business case analysis step 7 (final step)

Answer 8

7) Include additional financial or health benefits

Question 9

Levels of proficiency for APIC competency model

Answer 9

1) Novice
2) Becoming proficient
3) Proficient
4) Expert

Question 10

Where does the CIC exam fit into competency levels?

Answer 10

Take CIC exam to level up to proficient

Question 11

What are the CBIC core competencies and professional and practice standards

Answer 11

• Professional stewardship
• research
• IPC Operations
• Quality Improvement
• IPC Informatics
  -Leadership

Question 12

The CDC estimates that on any given day, what ratio of hospital patients have at least one HAI?

Answer 12

1 in 25 hospital patients

Question 13

Examples of when IP often leads efforts

Answer 13

• Emergency management
• Bioterrorism
• Construction and renovation
• pandemic planning

Question 14

What should IP do when an issue of potential liability arises?

Answer 14

Consult with legal counsel to assure accurate account of findings in the matter

Question 15

What do resolution of legal issues depend on?

Answer 15

• state or federal law
• if no written statutes, preceding case decision

Question 16

Parts of the IP strategic plan

Answer 16

1) risk prioritization for acquiring and transmitting infections

2) Goals to limit:
- unprotected exposure
- transmissions of infections from procedure
- transmission of infections from medical equip, devices and supplies

3) Describe activities, including surveillance, to minimize, reduce, or eliminate risk of infection

4) Describes process to evaluate efficacy of plan

Question 17

What scale is used for FMEA model?

Answer 17

Likert

Question 18

These measures focus on outcomes or processes and are used for internal improvement purposes intra-or interorganizational comparisons, and by various external entities for making decisions about care

Answer 18

Performance measures

Question 19

This draws methods from high-risk industries such as aviation and nuclear power to define safety principles and create shared language among professionals in IPC

Answer 19

Patient safety science

Question 20

Basic goal of healthcare education and training

Answer 20

Improve job skills and competence

Question 21

Method to increase learning retention

Answer 21

-Immediate application follows instruction

Question 22

What can identify deficiencies in knowledge, skills, or attitude and serve as the basis for educational program development?

Answer 22

• Needs assessments or performance improvement studies

Question 23

What should every learning plan include?

Answer 23

• goals
  -objectives
• appropriate teaching methods

Question 24

What should education and training be linked to?

Answer 24

• facility’s organizational vision, mission, and values

Question 25

Tier #1 for Bloom's taxonomy of learning: Can the learner recall or remember the information?

Answer 25

Remembering

Question 26

Tier #2 for Bloom's taxonomy of learning: Can the learner explain the ideas or concepts?

Answer 26

Understanding

Question 27

Tier #3 for Bloom's taxonomy of learning: Can the learner use the information in a new way?

Answer 27

Applying

Question 28

Tier #4 for Bloom's taxonomy of learning: Can the learner distinguish between the different parts?

Answer 28

Analyzing

Question 29

Tier #5 for Bloom's taxonomy of learning: Can the learner justify a stand or devision?

Answer 29

Evaluating

Question 30

Tier #6 for Bloom's taxonomy of learning: Can the learner create new product or point of view?

Answer 30

Creating

Question 31

What are the 3 types of learning?

Answer 31

1) Cognitive 2) Affective 3) Psychomotor

Question 32

This type of learning involves mental skills (knowledge)

Answer 32

Cognitive

Question 33

This type of learning involves growth in feelings or emotional areas (attitude or self)

Answer 33

Affective

Question 34

This type of learning involves manual or physical skills

Answer 34

Psychomotor

Question 35

Examples of active learning strategies

Answer 35

- quizzes - games -role play -brainstorm -group problem-solving -case studies - simulation

Question 36

Assessing educational needs: The learner develops a self-achievement model and compares the present situation to the standard

Answer 36

Learner self-assessment

Question 37

Assessing educational needs: Learning needs are assessed in small groups with members assisting each other to clarify needs

Answer 37

Focus group discussion

Question 38

Assessing educational needs: These are data-gathering tools, such as checklists or questionnaires

Answer 38

Interest finder surveys

Question 39

Assessing educational needs: tests can be used as diagnostic tools to identify areas of learning deficiencies

Answer 39

Test development

Question 40

Assessing educational needs: the educator consults with random or selected individuals to determine learning needs

Answer 40

Personal interviews

Question 41

Assessing educational needs: These methods provide specific, precise information about work and performance

Answer 41

Job analysis and performance reviews

Question 42

Assessing educational needs: Direct observation of personnel working can be performed by quality management analysts or IPs (eg hand-washing study in critical care units)

Answer 42

Observational studies

Question 43

Assessing educational needs: Incident reports, occupational injury and illness reports, and performance improvement studies can be reviewed to determine specific learning needs of healthcare providers

Answer 43

Review of internal reports

Question 44

_____THIS___ applied in infection prevention can make practitioners more efficient and effective by helping them focus on factors likely to be important while avoiding investment of time and resources into factors unlikely to be important

Answer 44

Behavioral science theory

Question 45

Does using behavioral theory for intervention successfully solve problems?

Answer 45

No, currently will improve success but does not fully resolve behavioral problems

Question 46

What are the key parts of the health belief model (main components only)

Answer 46

Perceived security/ perceived susceptibility ---> Perceived threat ---> Liklihood of action

Question 47

What factors feed into perceived threat in the health belief model?

Answer 47

Cues to action Modifying factors

Question 48

What factors feed into liklihood of action in the health belief model

Answer 48

Benefits minus barriers Self-efficacy

Question 49

What are the 3 main components of social cognitive theory?

Answer 49

1) behavior 2) Person 3) environment

Question 50

This part of social cognitive theory involves knowledge, skills, temperament, and motivations

Answer 50

Person

Question 51

this part of social cognitive theory involves family traits, sociocultural factors, community influences, and resource availability

Answer 51

Environment

Question 52

What are the stages of the transtheoretical model?

Answer 52

1) Precontemplation 2) contemplation 3) Preparation 4) Action 5) Maintenance

Question 53

Transtheoretical model: stage where person is unaware, no desire, no reason (I won't)

Answer 53

Precontemplation

Question 54

Transtheoretical model: stage where person weighing change pros and cons "I might"

Answer 54

Contemplation

Question 55

Transtheoretical model: Stage where person is making plans to change behavior "I will"

Answer 55

Preparation

Question 56

Transtheoretical model: Stage where person currently adopting change "I am"

Answer 56

Action

Question 57

Transtheoretical model: stage where person made the change and is avoiding relapse "I have"

Answer 57

Maintenance

Question 58

IP recommendations for precontemplation stage

Answer 58

Mixed communications to highlight the problem of infection spread in hc

Question 59

IP recommendations for contemplation group

Answer 59

Communications and role modeling to show advantages, minimize disadvantages of best practice

Question 60

IP recommendations for preparation group

Answer 60

ID resources, provide training for best practice techniques

Question 61

IP recommendations for Action group

Answer 61

Coaching, training, reinforce self-efficacy to master best-practices, provide social reinforcement

Question 62

IP recommendations for maintenance group

Answer 62

Continued reinforcement, peer support, highlighting best practice compliance in small group settings

Question 63

What statement is intended to improve Systematic Reviews?

Answer 63

PRISMA (Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis)