Structure and function of blood vessels

Question 1

Name 3 types of blood vessels

Answer 1

Arteries, Veins, Capillaries

Question 2

What are capillaries for

Answer 2

exchange of nutrients/waste products between tissue cells and blood stream

Question 3

As the arteries move away from the heart they branch into what

Answer 3

smaller tubes called arterioles

Question 4

arterioles then branch to produce what

Answer 4

capillaries

Question 5

As capillaries move away from tissue they converge to form what

Answer 5

large tubes known as venules

Question 6

Venules merge to form what

Answer 6

Veins

Question 7

Which is large, arteries and veins or capillaries

Answer 7

Arteries and veins

Question 8

Arteries and Veins consist of how many basic layers known as what

Answer 8

3 layers known as tunica

Question 9

What is the inner layer of the artery and vein called

Answer 9

Tunica intima

Question 10

What does the tunica intima layer in the artery/vein consist of

Answer 10

single layer of endothelium resting on thin layer of connective tissue (basement membrane)

Question 11

The tunica media (middle layer) contains what

Answer 11

concentric layers of smooth muscle

Question 12

What is the outermost layer of the artery and vein called

Answer 12

tunica externa/tunica adventita

Question 13

The tunica externa is made up of what

Answer 13

connective tissue which connects to the surrounding structures

Question 14

The tunica media is thicker in what, arteries or veins? What is it bounded by

Answer 14

Arteries. Bounded by internal and external elastic laminas

Question 15

Why do arteries have a thicker tunica media

Answer 15

Subject to internal pressures every time the heart contracts and blood is pushed out of the heart.

Question 16

The internal and external elastin fibres in arteries help how

Answer 16

Help arteries to maintain their diameter following contraction and aid in maintaining blood pressure

Question 17

What is the pulse a result of

Answer 17

expansion and recoil of the elastic arteries of the cardiac cycle

Question 18

Veins contain 3 things

Answer 18

Valves, thicker outer fibrous layer, small amounts of elastin

Question 19

The valves in the veins aid what

Answer 19

flow of bloodfrom the body (against gravity) back to the heary

Question 20

Capillaries only have one layer, what layer is this

Answer 20

Tunica Intima

Question 21

The transfer of material into and out of the capillaries is achieved through what 2 methods

Answer 21

Direct diffusion and vesicular transport

Question 22

Another name for vesiuclar transpport

Answer 22

pinocytosis

Question 23

Thinning of the endothelial cells in capillaries, produces what

Answer 23

membranes known as fenestrations or pores

Question 24

Thinning of endothelial cells in capillaries assists what

Answer 24

diffusion of smaller molecules between tissue cells and blood stream

Question 25

All epithelial cells are joined by what

Answer 25

tight intercellular junctions

Question 26

endothelial cells in the capillary have tight intercellular junctions but are

Answer 26

incomplete

Question 27

The incomplete junctions in endothelial cells allow for what

Answer 27

passing of larger molecules

Question 28

Less permeable materials may be what and transported across the endothelial cells

Answer 28

Endocytosed (engulfed within plasma membrane)

Question 29

Less permeable materials may be transported across the endothelial cells within what container

Answer 29

membrane bound containers known as vesicles

Question 30

What is a form of endocytosis

Answer 30

Pinocytosis

Question 31

What then happens once the vesicle reaches the tissue side of the endothelial cells

Answer 31

vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and empties content into extracellular spaces > exocytosis