Stroke by anatomy

Question 1

Associated effects of Anterior cerebral artery?

Answer 1

Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss,
lower extremity > upper

Question 2

Associated effects of middle cerebral artery?

Answer 2

Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss, upper extremity > lower

Contralateral homonymous hemianopia

Aphasia

Question 3

Associated effects of posterior cerebral artery?

Answer 3

Occipital love affected :

Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

Visual agnosia

cortical blindness.

Question 4

Associated effects of Weber’s syndrome (branches of the posterior cerebral artery that supply the midbrain)

Answer 4

Ipsilateral CN III palsy

Contralateral weakness of upper and lower extremity

Question 5

symptoms of Ipsilateral CN III palsy

Answer 5

An enlarged pupil that does not react normally to light.

Double vision (diplopia)

Droopy eyelid (ptosis)

Eye misalignment (strabismus)

Question 6

Associated effects of Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (lateral medullary syndrome, Wallenberg syndrome)?

Answer 6

Ipsilateral: facial pain and temperature loss and sensory loss
HORNER SYNDROME - droopy eyelid, Mieosis
Dysphagia

Contralateral: limb/torso pain / temperature loss/ SENSORY LOSS

Ataxia, nystagmus

Question 7

Associated effects of Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (lateral pontine syndrome) ?

Answer 7

similar to Wallenberg’s BUT
Ipsilateral: facial paralysis and deafness

Question 8

associated effects of Retinal/ophthalmic artery

Answer 8

Amaurosis fugax

Question 9

associated effects of Basilar artery?

Answer 9

‘Locked-in’ syndrome

Paralyzed except for the muscles that control eye movement. Conscious (aware) and can think and reason, but cannot move or speak; although they may be able to communicate with blinking eye movements.

Question 10

associated effects of lacunar artery?

Answer 10

isolated hemiparesis, hemisensory loss or hemiparesis with limb ataxia
strong association with hypertension

Question 11

areas where affected most by lacunar strokes ?

Answer 11

common sites include the basal ganglia,
thalamus
and internal capsule

Question 12

what is CADASIL ?

Answer 12

arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy

Question 13

etiology of cadasil ?

Answer 13

cerebral autosomal dominant - in young adults (20-30’s)

Question 14

where is the mutation and on which chromosome in CADASIL ?

Answer 14

NOTCH3 mutation on chromosome 19

Question 15

how does CADASIL clinically present ?

Answer 15

migraine with aura,

family history of such, which can ultimately lead to stroke-like features

recognised important cause of stroke in the young

Question 16

in CADASIL brain imaging will reveal ?

Answer 16

multiple subcortical white matter lesions,
particularly in the anterior temporal lobes and basal ganglia, out of keeping with the patient’s age.

Question 17

scale that measures disability or dependence in activities of daily living in stroke patients

Answer 17

barthel