Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Cranial nerve 1 and it’s function
Olfactory - smell
Pathway of olfactory nerve ?
Cribriform plate
Cranial nerve 2 and it’s function
II (Optic) - sight
Pathway/foramen which optic nerve goes through
Optic canal
What is the role of the third cranial nerve
III (Oculomotor) - Pupil constriction
Accomodation
Eyelid opening
Eye movement
Clinical affects of cranial nerve 3 ?
dilated, fixed pupil
Ptosis
‘down and out’ eye
Through which pathway do cranial 3 run?
Superior orbital fissure
Function of cranial nerve 4
Trochlear nerve - superior oblique eye movement
Clinical effects of trochlear nerve ?
Palsy results in defective downward gaze → vertical diplopia
Pathway of trochlear nerve
Superior orbital fissure
Function of the fourth cranial nerve
Trigeminal - Facial sensation
Mastication
Clinical effects of trigeminal nerve
Lesions may cause:
trigeminal neuralgia
loss of corneal reflex (afferent)
loss of facial sensation
paralysis of mastication muscles
deviation of jaw to weak side
Route of trigeminal nerve?
V1: SOF,
V2: Foramen rotundum,
V3: Foramen ovale
Function of the 6th cranial nerve
Abducens - lateral rectus eye movement
Clinical effect of abducens nerve
Palsy results in defective abduction → horizontal diplopia
Pathway/route of cranial nerve 6?
SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE
Role of 7th to cranial nerve
Facial nerve
Facial movement
Taste (anterior 2/3rds of tongue)
Lacrimation
Salivation
Clinical effects of 7th cranial nerve
flaccid paralysis of upper + lower face
loss of corneal reflex (efferent)
loss of taste
hyperacusis
Pathway of 7 th cranial nerve
Internal auditory meatus
Cranial nerve 8th role?
Vestibulocochlear)
Hearing, and balance(vertigo )
Acoustic neuromas are Schwann cell tumours of the
Cochlea nerve
Pathway of vestibular cochlear nerve ?
Internal auditory meatus
Lesions in glossppharyngeal nerve may result in;
hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex
loss of gag reflex (afferent)
The route or pathway that glossopharyngeal nerve goes through?
Jugular foramen
Cranial nerve 10 role ?
X (Vagus)
Phonation
Swallowing
Innervates viscera
Lessons to cranial nerve 10 may result in;
uvula deviates away from site of lesion
loss of gag reflex (efferent)
Exit pathway of vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
Role of cranial nerve 11
Accessory nerve - Head and shoulder movement
Clinical features affects accessory nerve
Lesions may result in;
weakness turning head to contralateral side
Exit route if accessory nerve ?
Jugular foramen
Role of 12th cranial nerve
XII (Hypoglossal) - Tongue movement
Lesion of 12th cranial nerve gives?
Tongue deviates towards side of lesion
Exit pathway of 12th cranial nerve
Hypoglossal canal