restless leg syndrome

Question 1

clinical features of restless leg syndrome ?

Answer 1

uncontrollable urge to move legs (akathisia).

Symptoms initially occur at night but as condition progresses may occur during the day.

Symptoms are worse at rest
paraesthesias e.g. ‘crawling’ or ‘throbbing’ sensations

movements during sleep may be noted by the partner - periodic limb movements of sleeps (PLMS)

Question 2

risk factors for restless leg syndrome ?

Answer 2

there is a positive family history in 50% of
patients with idiopathic RLS

iron deficiency anaemia

uraemia

diabetes mellitus

pregnancy

Question 3

diagnosis of restless leg syndrome

Answer 3

bloods such as ferritin to exclude iron deficiency anaemia may be appropriate

Question 4

MX of restless leg syndrome

Answer 4

Management
simple measures: walking, stretching, massaging affected limbs

treat any iron deficiency

dopamine agonists are
first-line treatment (e.g. Pramipexole, ropinirole)

benzodiazepines

gabapentin