Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ADELE-Noodles of Neurology > Stroke > Flashcards

Stroke Flashcards

1
Q

What is stroke?

A

Rapidly developing clinical symptoms and/or focal signs, and at times global loss of brain function, with symptoms lasting more than 24h leading to death with no apparent cause other than vascular origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

STROKE is a diagnosis TRUE/FALSE

A

FALSE

It is not a diagnosis, it is the experience of persisting neurological complications of cardiovascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which score helps to diagnose strokes?

A

Rosier Score

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What fraction of all stroke presentations are stroke mimics e.g. seizures?

A

1/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A TIA as compared to a stroke is benign TRUE/FALSE

A

FALSE

It is not benign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What time frame do symtoms have to last for for it to be classed as a TIA rather than a stroke?

A

Less than 24h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define TIA

A

A brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by ischaemia with clinical symptoms typically lasting less then 1h and without evidence of acute infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which age group is stroke most common in?

A

More common in elderly, peak incidence >70 but can occur in other age groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Strokes are more common in females T/F

A

False

Stroke more common in males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What 4 things is the extent of damage determined by?

A

Arterial territory of the affected artery
Timescale of the occlusion
Extent of the circulatory relief
System perfusion pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Before how many hours is there very little to observe on microscopy/microscopy after a stroke?

A

Less than 12h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many days post stroke does the brain become gelatinous and febrile?

A

2-14 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How long post stroke does it take for microglia to become the predominant cell type?

A

2-14 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How early does reactive gliosis begin?

A

As early as wk 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A CT is excellent and always picks up bleeds in the brain TRUE/FALSE

A

It is rather excellent however if hyperacute it may be essentially normal and it is not sensitive to bleeds over 1 week old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MRI is good with stroke at identifying…

A

Old lesions

Those of non-vascular origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the time limit on using IV tissue plasminogen activator?

A

<4.5h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Do not treat cardioembolic stroke with aspirin TRUE/FALSE

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Aspirin can be used after thrombolysis TRUE/FALSE

A

TRUE but wait 24h

20
Q

ABCDE of prevention of stroke

A 
A-Antithrombotic therapy
B-BP
C-Cholesterole
D-Diabetes
E-Especially don't smoke
21
Q

What fraction of strokes are due to AF?

A

1/6

22
Q

For the majority of strokes antithrombotic therapy is started?

A

Aspirin 300mg for 2wks

23
Q

What are the three types of ischaemic stroke?

A

Cardioembolic
Atheroembolic
Small vessel disease

24
Q

Describe Cardioembolic stroke

A

Fibrin dependent “red thrombus” e.g. endocarditis

25
Q

Describe atheroembolic stroke

A

Platelet dependent “white thrombus” e.g. from carotids

26
Q

Where is the most likely place to get a thrombus?

A

Middle cerebral artery ( as it is aligned with the internal carotid artery)

27
Q

CNS bleeds are the cause of what percentage of strokes?

A

10%

28
Q

What are the two main reasons for haemorrhage stroke?

A

BBB disrupted

Damaged vessels

29
Q

What are the four types of stroke?

A

TACS
PACS
LACS
POCS

30
Q

What is the most severe type of stroke?

A

Total Anterior Circulation Syndrome (TACS)- only 5% of patients alive at 1 year

31
Q

What are the 3 characteristics of total anterior circulation syndrome?

A

Hemiplegia involving 2/3 of face, arm,leg
Homonymous hemianopia
Cortical signs

32
Q

With PACS how many of the patients are alive and independent at 1 year?

A

50%

33
Q

With PACS they must have 2 of…

A

Hemiplegia involving 2/3 of face, arm,leg
Homonymous hemianopia
Cortical signs

34
Q

What are lacunar infarcts?

A

Small infarcts in the deeper parts of the brain

35
Q

What has the best prognosis of stroke?

A

LACS

36
Q

What is LACS caused by?

A

Occlusion of a single deep penetrating artery

37
Q

POCS can lead to multiple presentations, which are some of the most common

A 
CN palsies
Bilateral motor and/or sensory defecits
Conjugate eye movement disorders
Isolated homonymous hemianopia
Cortical blindness
Cerebellar deficits w/o
38
Q

What is the right side of the brain responsible for?

A

Creativity, music, spatial orientation and artistic awareness

39
Q

What is the left side of the brain responsible for?

A

Spoken language, reasoning, number skills and written language

40
Q

With the small disease classification what type is churg-strauss?

A

Type 4

41
Q

What is type 1 small vessel disease classification?

A

Arteriosclerosis

42
Q

Causes of intracerebral haemorrhage

A 
Hypertension
Amyloid angiopathy
AVM
aneurysm 
Tumour
43
Q

What are the two scoring tools to determine the risk of bleeding?

A

CHA2DS2VASc and HAS-BLED

44
Q

Where would the weakness present if the lesion was in the middle v anterior cerebral artery

A

If middle- contralateral face and arm

If anterior- contralateral leg

45
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Bleeding risk with aspirin is just as big as with warfarin

A

true

46
Q

What does a cardio protective diet look like?

A

5+ portions of fruit/veg per day from a variety of sources
Two portions of oily fish per wk
Replace saturated fasts with polyunsaturated/monounsaturated fats
Reduce salt intake
Limit alcohol to 14u/week
If overweight/obese then lose weight

ADELE-Noodles of Neurology (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions