Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ADELE-Noodles of Neurology > SOLs > Flashcards

SOLs Flashcards

1
Q

TRUE/FALSE

More than 2/3 of tumours present with focal localising symptoms

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why are headaches worse in the morning?

A

Slightly hypercapnic overnight as we retain CO2 while we sleep
Result in increasing cerebral blood flow and a commensurate increase in the size of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Brain tumours are what percentage of childhood tumours?

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is the tentorium cerebella important in brain tumours?

A

In children- 70% arise below tentorium cerebelli

In adults- 70% arise above the tentorium cerebelli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most subtype of brain tumour in adult?

A

Astrocytoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most common brain tumour in children?

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the most common tumour within the cranial cavity?

A

Metastases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the classic presentation of brain tumour?

A 
Progressive neurological deficit
Motor Weakness
Headache
Seizures
Tiptoeing/Ataxia
Vomiting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If headache with tiptoeing, ataxia and vomiting in children what is the differential you are considering?

A

Posterior foss tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 5 aetiologies of tumour headache?

A

1-Raised ICP
2-Invasion/Compression of dura or periosteum
3-Secondary to diplopia or difficulty focusing
4-Extreme hypertension (as part of Cushing’s triad)
5-Psychogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If someone comes in with a headache what investigation should always be done?

A

Fundoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the stem cells of the nervous system?

A

Neuroepithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do neuroepithelial cells derive from?

A

Pluripotent stem cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What defines grade IV astrocytic tumours?

A

If necrosis then glioblastoma multiform (grade IV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Post astrocytic tumour removal it is safe to drive TRUE/FALSE

A

BOI ARE YA PLAYING

Not safe if there is a seizure risk or if left with some degree of visual field deficit. Have to inform DVLA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If you leave grade 1 astrocytic tumours alone they will go away TRUE/FALSE

A

FALSE
surgery is curative
If you leave them alone they will go blind

17
Q

How do low grade astrocytoma present?

A

Seizures

18
Q

Where are grade 1 tumours found?

A

Cerebellum

19
Q

Where are grade II tumours commonly found?

A

Temporal bone

20
Q

How do grade IV astrocytic tumours spread?

A

Via white matter tracking/CSF pathways

21
Q

All astrocytic tumour surgery and treatment is curative TRUE/FALSE

A

Sadly not
Grade 1-Curative
Grade 2-?
Grade 3/4- Non-curative

22
Q

Which group of tumours are described as having “toothpaste morphology”

A

Oligodendroglia tumours

23
Q

What is the median survival with oligodendrocyte tumours?

A

10 years

24
Q

What are the 5 types of brain tumours?

A 
Astrocytic tumours
Oligodendroglia tumours
Meningiomas
Nerve Sheath Tumours
Germ cell Tumours
25
Q

Which types of tumour coexist with astrocytic cells in a neoplastic collision type tumour?

A

Astrocytic tumours

26
Q

What are meningiomas?

A

Tumours that form on the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord just inside the skull

27
Q

Most meningiomas are asymptomatic. If there is symptoms what will they be?

A

Headaches
Cranial nerve neuropathies
Regional autonomic disturbances

28
Q

What do meningiomas form due to?

A

Radiation exposure

29
Q

What is the grading tool used for meningioma resection?

A

Simpson grading

this predicts symptomatic recurrence based on how well you resect the tumour

30
Q

What are the 3 types of nerve sheath tumours?

A

Schwannoma
Neurofibroma
Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour

31
Q

What is another name for vestibular schwannoma of the 8th nerve?

A

Acoustic neuroma

32
Q

The midline brain tumour known as a germ cell tumour has a classic age range of…

A

10-12 y/o males

33
Q

How do germ cell tumours mainly metastasise?

A

Via the CSF

34
Q

AFP is raised in which brain tumours?

A

Yolk sac tumours

35
Q

HCG is raised in which brain tumours?

A

Choricocarcinoma
Germinoma
Many others

36
Q

Where do multiple abscesses tend to occur?

A

At grey and white matter boundry

37
Q

Why does the effect of the SOL tend to be much greater than the SOL itself?

A

Generalised oedema round the SOL

38
Q

What is used in the diagnosis of abscess in the brain?

A

CT (with contrast)

39
Q

How is brain abscess treated

A

Drainage of pus if there is any

Antibiotics- Ceftriaxone and Metronidazole empirically (modify post colture 6wks)

ADELE-Noodles of Neurology (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions