Basal Ganglia

Question 1

What is the name of the series of grey matter structures, located near the base of each cerebral hemisphere which take highly processed sensory information and convert it into some form of motor programme

Answer 1

basal ganglia

Question 2

What are the 3 functions of the basal ganglia?

Answer 2

1. To facilitate purposeful movement
2. Inhibit unwanted movement
3. Role in posture and muscle tone

Question 3

What id the thalamus normally under inhibition from

Answer 3

Globus palladius (internus)

Question 4

What is the purpose of the direct basal ganglia pathway?

Answer 4

Increase excitation and muscle movement

Question 5

What is the purpose of the indirect basal ganglia pathway?

Answer 5

Suppress unwanted movements

Question 6

What 2 structures are referred to when the term striatum is used?

Answer 6

Caudate nucelus

Putamen

Question 7

Which two structures are under the umbrella term lenticular nucleus?

Answer 7

Putamen

Globus palladius

Question 8

Which three structures are in the corpus striatum?

Answer 8

Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Globus palladius

Question 9

Subthalamic nucleus excites the ——- —-

Answer 9

substantia nigra

Question 10

Substantia nigra when active sends ——- to inhibitory neurones in striatum

Answer 10

dopamine

Question 11

Ulilateral lesions of the basal ganglia affect the ——- side of the body

Answer 11

contralateral

Question 12

What are two two additional structures that are included in the indirect route (v direct route) of the basal ganglia

Answer 12

GP externus

Subthalamic nucleus

Question 13

TRUE/FALSE Basal ganglia dysfunction causes paralysis, sensory loss and loss of power/ataxia

Answer 13

FALSE- it does not cause paralysis, sensory losss or loss or power/ataxia. It does tend to cause changes in muscle tone and dyskinesias