Stress & Coping Flashcards
What are the two main pathways involved in stress physiology?
- SNS pathway
- HPA axis
SNS stands for sympathetic nervous system; HPA stands for hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis.
What hormones are released by the SNS pathway during stress?
Catecholamine hormones (noradrenaline and adrenaline)
Adrenaline is also known as epinephrine, and noradrenaline is also known as norepinephrine.
What hormone is secreted by the HPA axis in response to stress?
Corticosteroid hormones (cortisol)
What is the integrated action of the SNS and HPA pathways during stress known as?
The flight or fight response
List three impacts of chronic elevation of stress hormones on the musculoskeletal system.
- Increased fatigue
- Muscle tension
- Chronic pain
How does chronic stress affect the cardiovascular system?
Increased blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk
What are some diseases associated with chronic stress?
- Cardiovascular disease
- Diabetes and metabolic syndrome
- Gastrointestinal disorders
- Musculoskeletal problems
- Autoimmune diseases
- Asthma
True or False: Chronic stress is clearly linked to cancer.
False
What are the two main types of coping with stress?
- Problem focused coping
- Emotion focused coping
What does problem focused coping involve?
Focusing on the stressor itself to reduce its demands or expand resources
What are some strategies included in emotion focused coping?
- Changing thinking about the stressor
- Talking with others
- Engaging in activities that help reduce stress
Fill in the blank: Chronic stress can lead to _______ disorders.
[mental]
What role does stress play in disease susceptibility, specifically regarding ulcers?
Stress can influence the risk of developing ulcers
What is an important take-away for future practice regarding stress?
Routine inquiry and treatment for stress is key
What should healthcare providers observe in themselves regarding stress?
What stresses them and how it manifests psychologically or physically
Identify one helpful method for coping with stress.
Seeking support from others
What effect does chronic stress have on libido and the reproductive system?
Compromised function
What gastrointestinal issues are linked to chronic stress?
Inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome
