Intro to Eating Disorders Flashcards
What are the main DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Anorexia Nervosa?
- Persistent restriction of energy intake leading to significantly low body weight
- Intense fear of gaining weight or persistent behavior interfering with weight gain
- Disturbance in body weight or shape experience
- Subtypes: Restricting type and Binge-eating/purging type
Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by significant weight loss and a distorted body image.
What are the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Bulimia Nervosa?
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating characterized by:
- Eating a large amount of food in a discrete period
- Lack of control over eating during the episode
- Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain
- Occurs at least once a week for three months
- Self-evaluation unduly influenced by body shape and weight
Bulimia Nervosa involves cycles of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors.
What defines Binge Eating Disorder according to DSM-5?
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating characterized by:
- Eating a larger amount of food in a discrete period
- Lack of control over eating during the episode
- Associated with three or more of the following:
- Eating rapidly, eating large amounts when not hungry, eating alone, feeling disgusted or guilty
- Binge eating occurs at least once a week for three months
- Not associated with inappropriate compensatory behaviors
Binge Eating Disorder is the most common eating disorder in the U.S.
What are the key epidemiological features of Eating Disorders (EDs)?
- Higher prevalence in females
- Higher in young people
- Lifetime prevalence for Anorexia Nervosa: 0.6%, Bulimia Nervosa: 1.4%, Binge Eating Disorder: 2%
The prevalence of eating disorders can vary based on demographic factors.
What sociocultural factors contribute to the aetiology of Eating Disorders?
- Exposure to the slim ideal of female beauty
- Internalization of slim ideal leads to body dissatisfaction
- Dietary restraint can trigger difficulties around food
- Family dynamics such as over-protectiveness and conflicts
Sociocultural influences can play a significant role in the development of eating disorders.
What individual factors are associated with the aetiology of Eating Disorders?
- Traumatic or stressful backgrounds
- Negative emotionality (low mood, high anxiety)
- Body dissatisfaction
- Personality traits (perfectionism, need for control)
- Emerging genetic components for Anorexia Nervosa
Individual experiences and personality traits can significantly contribute to the risk of developing eating disorders.
True or False: No single factor is a sufficient cause for Eating Disorders.
True
Multiple factors, including sociocultural and individual aspects, often interact to contribute to the development of eating disorders.
What are the physical impacts of Anorexia Nervosa after 10 years?
- 30% recovered
- 30-50% partial recovery
- 20-40% enduring symptoms
- High risk of suicide and mortality from complications
Anorexia Nervosa can have severe long-term effects on physical health.
What are the treatment principles for Eating Disorders?
- Psychoeducation about the disorder
- Medical monitoring of health parameters
- Address underlying psychological issues
- Monitor weight and eating behavior
- Education and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
- Relapse prevention strategies
Treatment should be comprehensive and address both psychological and physical health.
What key points should doctors remember regarding Eating Disorders?
- Anorexia Nervosa is rare but life-threatening
- Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder can be hidden
- EDs require referral to specialist services
- Long-term medical impacts and family stress are significant
Awareness and early intervention are crucial in managing eating disorders effectively.
Fill in the blank: Eating Disorders are centrally concerned with problems of _______ and control.
[identity]
Issues of identity and control are often significant in the experience of individuals with eating disorders.
