Childhood Flashcards
What are the learning objectives for childhood development?
• Awareness of physical, cognitive, social, and emotional developmental milestones
• Identify red flags in development
• Understanding of further questions or observations for developmental delays
• Identify and offer help for bullying
Key milestones include recognizing issues like a 4-year-old who can’t climb stairs.
What are the developmental tasks during middle childhood?
• School adjustment and academic achievement
• Peer relationships
• Rule-governed behavior
These tasks are crucial for a child’s growth during this stage.
List the multiple domains of development.
• Physical
• Social
• Motor
• Cognitive
• Emotional
Each domain plays a significant role in a child’s overall development.
What are common physical development milestones from ages 6-12?
• Growing pains as muscles adapt
• All primary teeth lost between 6-12 years
• Balanced diet importance
• Typical onset of puberty for girls (10-14 years) and boys (12-16 years)
These milestones indicate normal physical growth.
What are gross and fine motor skills developed by ages 6-7?
Gross Motor Skills: Hop, jump, climb, bike
Fine Motor Skills: Tie shoelaces, do buttons, zippers, brush teeth, wash themselves, use knife and fork, hold pencils like adults
Mastery of these skills is essential for daily activities.
Define ‘Theory of Mind’ in cognitive development.
The ability to understand that others have thoughts, beliefs, and perspectives different from one’s own.
This concept typically develops around age 4.
At what age can children typically form autobiographical memories?
2.5 years and beyond
Adults usually recall memories starting from ages 3-4, with the period before this referred to as ‘infantile amnesia.’
What are key aspects of emotional development in childhood?
• Extending emotional literacy
• Emotion regulation
• Empathy
• Socially sanctioned deception
• Self reflection and insight
These skills are crucial for social interactions.
What are the characteristics of social development in middle childhood?
• Use of long and complex sentences
• Understanding and expressing agreement/disagreement
• Keeping conversations going
• Starting conversations with unfamiliar adults/children
• Improved clarity and complexity of speech
These advancements support effective communication.
What influences self-concept in children?
• Cognitive development
• Exposure to experiences
• Feedback from parents, teachers, and peers
• Cultural influences
Self-concept is integral to a child’s identity.
What is the definition of bullying in childhood?
1) Intentional aggression causing distress
2) Disproportionate power dynamics
3) Repeated behavior over time
Bullying can severely impact a child’s emotional and social well-being.
What role should a physician play in addressing bullying?
• Ask about school experiences
• Screen high-risk children
• Assess for physical symptoms related to bullying
• Consider bullying in chronic condition deterioration
Physicians are often sought for guidance by families dealing with bullying.
Fill in the blank: Normalizing and checking in with children involves asking about their feelings at school, such as, ‘Is there anything like that _______ for you?’
happening
This approach helps children feel safe discussing sensitive topics.
What are some strategies for assessing bullying in children?
• Normalize experiences
• Check in with feelings
• Validate concerns
• Encourage elaboration on situations
These strategies can help uncover underlying issues.
What should a physician do to communicate effectively with children?
• Pair specific questions with open ones
• Use concrete language
• Check understanding through examples
• Encourage parental input
Effective communication is key to understanding a child’s needs.
What is the significance of early identification of developmental delays?
Effective early identification and timely intervention can positively alter a child’s long-term trajectory.
Early support is crucial for better outcomes.
