Stress

Question 1

Health Psychology

Answer 1

The subfield of psychology concerned with ways psychological factors influence the causes and treatment of physical illness and the maintenance of health.

Question 2

Cannon 1942.

Answer 2

Voodoo Death.

Question 3

Voodoo Death

Answer 3

Refers to a theory that physiological response mechanisms, initiated by fear, can precipitate death itself. Fight or flight response.

Question 4

Stressors

Answer 4

Specific events or chronic pressures that place demands on a person or threaten the person’s well being.

Question 5

Stress

Answer 5

The physical and psychological response to internal and external stressors (real or perceived).

Question 6

Holmes and Rahe in 1967 observed that…

Answer 6

Major life changes cause stress and that increased stress causes illness.

Question 7

What does CUSS stand for?

Answer 7

College Undergraduate Stress Scale.

Question 8

CUSS was developed by?

Answer 8

Renner and Mackin.

Question 9

What is the purpose of CUSS?

Answer 9

To illustrate life stress and its cumulative nature.

Question 10

Stressful events can be ___ or ___.

Answer 10

Adaptive or maladaptive.

Question 11

Chronic Stressor

Answer 11

A source of stress that occurs continuously or repeatedly.

Question 12

Environmental Psychology

Answer 12

Refers to the study of environmental effects of behaviour and health.

Question 13

Learning environments close to the airport.

Answer 13

Higher blood pressure and gave up more easily on difficult problems.

Question 14

Glass and Singer 1972.

Answer 14

Perceived Control.

Question 15

Perceived Control

Answer 15

Expecting that you will have control over what happens to you has been found to be associated with effectiveness of dealing with stress.

Question 16

Another way to describe perceived control.

Answer 16

Internal locus of control.

Question 17

Fight or Flight Response

Answer 17

An emotional and physiological reaction to an emergency that increases readiness for action.

Question 18

Order for flight or flight response.

Answer 18

Threat, hypothalamus, pituitary gland (ACTH), adrenal gland (epinephrine and norepinephrine), sympathetic increases and parasympathetic decreases.

Question 19

GAS stands for?

Answer 19

Generalized Adaptation Syndrome.

Question 20

Generalized Adaptation Syndrome

Answer 20

A three stage physiological stress response that appears regardless of the stressor that is encountered.

Question 21

Three stages of GAS.

Answer 21

Alarm phase, Resistance phase, and Exhaustion.

Question 22

Alarm Phase

Answer 22

The body rapidly mobilizes its resources to respond to a threat.

Question 23

Resistance Phase

Answer 23

The body adapts to its high state of arousal to cope with stressors.

Question 24

Exhaustion

Answer 24

If GAS continues for long enough, resistance depletes and causes damage.

Question 25

Immune System

Answer 25

A complex response system that protects the body from bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances.

Question 26

Psychoneuroimmunology

Answer 26

The study of how immune system responds to psychological variables, such as stressors.

Question 27

Mouth wounds healed faster ___ than ___.

Answer 27

On vacation than during exams.

Question 28

Friedman and Rosenman

Answer 28

Identified Type A and C Behaviour Patterns.

Question 29

Type A Behaviour Pattern

Answer 29

Easily aroused, hostile, impatient, sense of urgency, competitive.

Question 30

Type B Behaviour Pattern

Answer 30

Work steady, enjoy achieving but do not mind losing, reflective and creative.

Question 31

Which personality type is more likely to suffer from a heart attack?

Answer 31

A.

Question 32

Primary Appraisal

Answer 32

The interpretation of a stimulus as stressful or not.

Question 33

Secondary Appraisal

Answer 33

Determine whether the stressor is something you can handle or not.

Question 34

PTSD

Answer 34

A stress disorder characterized by chronic psychological arousal, recurring unwanted thoughts or images of trauma, and avoidance of things that call the traumatic events to mind.

Question 35

Burnout

Answer 35

A state of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion created by long-term involvement in an emotionally demanding situation and accompanied by lowered performance and motivation.

Question 36

__% of people have felt overwhelmed at one point.

Answer 36

92.

Question 37

Repressive Coping

Answer 37

Avoiding situations of thoughts that are reminders of a stressor and maintaining an artificially positive viewpoint.

Question 38

Rational Coping

Answer 38

Facing a stressor and working to its outcome.

Question 39

Three steps to rational coping:

Answer 39

Acceptance, exposure, and understanding.

Question 40

Reframing

Answer 40

Finding a new or creative way to think about a stressor that reduces its threat.

Question 41

What does SIT stand for?

Answer 41

Stress Inoculation Training,

Question 42

Stress Inoculation Training

Answer 42

A therapy that helps people to cope with stressful situations by developing positive ways to think about the situation.

Question 43

Body symptoms of stress.

Answer 43

Muscle aches, back pain, knots in your stomach, sweaty hands, etc.

Question 44

Relaxation Therapy

Answer 44

A technique for reducing tension by consciously relaxing muscles of the body.

Question 45

Biofeedback

Answer 45

The use of an external monitoring device to obtain information about a bodily function and possibly gain control over the function.

Question 46

Why is aerobic exercise beneficial to stress management? (hint: hormone).

Answer 46

Serotonin increases mood.

Question 47

Situation Management

Answer 47

Involves changing your life situation as a way of reducing the impact of stress on your mind and body.

Question 48

Social Support

Answer 48

Refers to aid gained through interacting with others.

Question 49

Social Response to Stress for Women. What hormone is a key factor?

Answer 49

Tend and befriend. Oxytocin is a key factor.

Question 50

Social Response to Stress for Men.

Answer 50

Isolation.

Question 51

Somatoform Disorders

Answer 51

The set of psychological disorders in which the person displays physical symptoms not fully explained by a general medical condition.

Question 52

Hypochondriasis

Answer 52

A psychological disorder in which a person is preoccupied with minor symptoms and develops an exaggerated belief that the symptoms signify a life-threatening illness.

Question 53

Conversion Disorder

Answer 53

A disorder characterized by apparently debilitating physical symptoms that appear to be voluntary, but that the person experiences as involuntary.

Question 54

Sick Role

Answer 54

A socially recognized set of rights and obligations linked with illness.

Question 55

According to Parsons, what are the three components of illness?

Answer 55

Psychological, social, moral.

Question 56

Optimism tends to be ___ over time.

Answer 56

Stable.

Question 57

Hardiness is a characteristic of stress-___ individuals.

Answer 57

Resistant.

Question 58

Commitment

Answer 58

Ability to become involved in life's tasks and encounters rather than just dabbling.

Question 59

Control

Answer 59

The expectation that their actions and words have a causal influence over their lives and environment.

Question 60

Challenge

Answer 60

Undertaking the change and accepting opportunities for growth.

Question 61

Self Regulation

Answer 61

The exercise of voluntary control over the self to bring the self into line with preferred standards.

Question 62

Illusion of Unique Invulnerability

Answer 62

A systematic bias towards believing that they are less likely to fall victim to a problem than are others.