Intelligence Pt. 2 Flashcards
Identical (Monozygotic) Twins.
Develop from the splitting of a single egg that was fertilized by a single sperm.
Fraternal (Dizygotic) Twins.
Twins who develop from two different eggs that were fertilized by two different sperm.
Charlemains argues that the studies on twins have led us to believe that…
There is a genetic origin of many behavioural characteristics.
Utility of twins completely based upon the assumption that…
Twins are identical.
There is growing evidence that monozygotic twins may not be ___.
Identical.
Heritability Coefficient.
A statistic that describes the proportion of the difference between people’s scores that can be explained by differences in their genetic makeup.
Terman’s Suggestions.
Intelligence is influenced by genes, and some groups perform better on intelligence tests.
Plomin’s Observations.
High heritability tells us about the variation, not the causes- does not tell us if environmental changes or interventions have a significant impact.
Flynn Effect.
Refers to the accidental discovery that the average intelligence test score has been rising by 0.3% every year.
Cognitive Enhancers.
Substances such as ritalin and adderall.
Criticisms of IQ challenges.
- Culturally biased.
- Linked to Puritan (Darwinian and eugenic) ideology.
- Academically driven.
- Situation and environment mattters.
Research has demonstrated that ___ ___ is a better predictor of intelligence than ___.
Socioeconomic status, ethnicity.
Knowledge is ___ and ___.
Power and political.
IQ reflects ___ demands, not ___ demands.
Societal, cognitive.
