Psychological Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Mood Disorders

A

Disorders that have mood disturbances as their predominant feature.

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2
Q

Major Depressive Disorder

A

Unipolar depression that is characterized by feelings of worthlessness and lack of pleasure, lethargy, and sleep/appetite disturbances.

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3
Q

Major Depressive Disorder typically lasts __ weeks, and the median lifetime risk is __%.

A

12, 16.

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4
Q

Response style of women to Major Depressive Disorder:

A

Accept, disclose, and ruminate about negative emotions.

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5
Q

Response style of men to Major Depressive Disorder:

A

Deny negative emotions, engage in self distraction (work or drinking alcohol).

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6
Q

Seasonal Affective Disorder

A

Recurrent depressive episodes in a seasonal pattern as a result of reduced levels of light in fall and winter months.

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7
Q

Depression heritability ranges from __-__%

A

33-45.

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8
Q

Depression is associated with the neurotransmitters of ___ and ___.

A

Norepinepherine and serotonin.

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9
Q

People that suffer from depression tend to have a ___ cognitive style.

A

Negative.

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10
Q

Helplessness Theory

A

Maintains that individuals who are prone to depression automatically attribute negative experiences to causes that are internal, stable, and global.

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11
Q

Suicide is among the top __ cases of death annually in Canada.

A

15.

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12
Q

Suicide is the ___ leading cause of death for Canadian youth in between the ages 10-24.

A

Second.

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13
Q

First Nations are - times more likely to commit suicide than non-Aboriginal.

A

5-7.

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14
Q

Males are more likely to ___ suicides than females, but females are more likely to ___ suicide.

A

Commit, attempt.

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15
Q

CPR Model for Suicide.

A

Current Plan, Prior Attempt, and Resources.

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16
Q

Current Plan

A

To assess urgency, and determine whether or not the person has a plan.

17
Q

Prior Attempts

A

To obtain a suicide history, and what happened with their last suicide attempt, and how it was stopped.

18
Q

Resources

A

To determine the person’s ability to cope and identify existing or potential supports. Does the client have a support network, contracting.

19
Q

Contracting

A

Agreement between a client and clinician based on client’s needs.

20
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

An unstable emotional condition characterized vt cycles of abnormal, persistent high mood (mania) and low mood (depression).

21
Q

Features of Bipolar Disorder:

A

Grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, talkativeness, racing thoughts, distractibility, reckless behaviours.

22
Q

Figures that had Bipolar Disorder:

A

Virginia Woolf, Abraham Lincoln, Ernest Hemingway.

23
Q

Bipolar Disorder has the ___ rate of heritability at __%.

A

Highest, 70.

24
Q

___ helps stabilize depressive and maniac symptoms.

A

Lithium.

25
Q

Dissociative Disorders

A

A condition in which normal cognitive processes are severely disjointed or fragmented creating significant disruptions in memory, awareness, or personality that can vary in length from a matter of minutes to many years.

26
Q

In DID, the goal is to ___ personalities to be able to deal with the world.

A

Amalgamate or bring together.

27
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

A

Characterized by the presence within an individual of two or more distinct identities that at different times take control of the individual’s behaviour.

28
Q

Dissociative Amnesia

A

Is the sudden loss of memory for significant personal information.

29
Q

Dissociative Fugue

A

Is the sudden loss of memory for one’s personal history, accompanied by an abrupt departure from home and the assumption of a new identity.

30
Q

Schizophrenia

A

A disorder characterized by the profound disruption of basic psychological processes: a distorted perception of reality, altered or blunted emotion; and disturbances in thought, motivation, or behaviour.

31
Q

Two or more of these symptoms must be present for 6 months to be diagnosed with schizophrenia.

A

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized behaviour or catatonic behaviour, and negative symptoms.

32
Q

Schizophrenia accounts for __% of all admissions into psychiatric hospitals.

A

40.

33
Q

India uses a strategy of ___ to deal with schizophrenia.

A

“Reparenting”.

34
Q

Schizophrenia has an average concordance rate of __% in identical twins and __% in fraternal twins.

A

48, 17.

35
Q

Dopamine Hypothesis

A

The idea that schizophrenia involves an excess of dopamine activity.

36
Q

___ environment increased likelihood of developing schizophrenia.

A

Disturbed.

37
Q

Personality Disorders

A

Disorders characterized by deeply ingrained, inflexible patterns of thinking, feeling, or relating to others or controlling impulses that cause distress or impaired functioning.

38
Q

Controversial, as there is a question of whether personality is a ___.

A

Disorder.