Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Mood Disorders
Disorders that have mood disturbances as their predominant feature.
Major Depressive Disorder
Unipolar depression that is characterized by feelings of worthlessness and lack of pleasure, lethargy, and sleep/appetite disturbances.
Major Depressive Disorder typically lasts __ weeks, and the median lifetime risk is __%.
12, 16.
Response style of women to Major Depressive Disorder:
Accept, disclose, and ruminate about negative emotions.
Response style of men to Major Depressive Disorder:
Deny negative emotions, engage in self distraction (work or drinking alcohol).
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Recurrent depressive episodes in a seasonal pattern as a result of reduced levels of light in fall and winter months.
Depression heritability ranges from __-__%
33-45.
Depression is associated with the neurotransmitters of ___ and ___.
Norepinepherine and serotonin.
People that suffer from depression tend to have a ___ cognitive style.
Negative.
Helplessness Theory
Maintains that individuals who are prone to depression automatically attribute negative experiences to causes that are internal, stable, and global.
Suicide is among the top __ cases of death annually in Canada.
15.
Suicide is the ___ leading cause of death for Canadian youth in between the ages 10-24.
Second.
First Nations are - times more likely to commit suicide than non-Aboriginal.
5-7.
Males are more likely to ___ suicides than females, but females are more likely to ___ suicide.
Commit, attempt.
CPR Model for Suicide.
Current Plan, Prior Attempt, and Resources.
Current Plan
To assess urgency, and determine whether or not the person has a plan.
Prior Attempts
To obtain a suicide history, and what happened with their last suicide attempt, and how it was stopped.
Resources
To determine the person’s ability to cope and identify existing or potential supports. Does the client have a support network, contracting.
Contracting
Agreement between a client and clinician based on client’s needs.
Bipolar Disorder
An unstable emotional condition characterized vt cycles of abnormal, persistent high mood (mania) and low mood (depression).
Features of Bipolar Disorder:
Grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, talkativeness, racing thoughts, distractibility, reckless behaviours.
Figures that had Bipolar Disorder:
Virginia Woolf, Abraham Lincoln, Ernest Hemingway.
Bipolar Disorder has the ___ rate of heritability at __%.
Highest, 70.
___ helps stabilize depressive and maniac symptoms.
Lithium.
Dissociative Disorders
A condition in which normal cognitive processes are severely disjointed or fragmented creating significant disruptions in memory, awareness, or personality that can vary in length from a matter of minutes to many years.
In DID, the goal is to ___ personalities to be able to deal with the world.
Amalgamate or bring together.
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
Characterized by the presence within an individual of two or more distinct identities that at different times take control of the individual’s behaviour.
Dissociative Amnesia
Is the sudden loss of memory for significant personal information.
Dissociative Fugue
Is the sudden loss of memory for one’s personal history, accompanied by an abrupt departure from home and the assumption of a new identity.
Schizophrenia
A disorder characterized by the profound disruption of basic psychological processes: a distorted perception of reality, altered or blunted emotion; and disturbances in thought, motivation, or behaviour.
Two or more of these symptoms must be present for 6 months to be diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized behaviour or catatonic behaviour, and negative symptoms.
Schizophrenia accounts for __% of all admissions into psychiatric hospitals.
40.
India uses a strategy of ___ to deal with schizophrenia.
“Reparenting”.
Schizophrenia has an average concordance rate of __% in identical twins and __% in fraternal twins.
48, 17.
Dopamine Hypothesis
The idea that schizophrenia involves an excess of dopamine activity.
___ environment increased likelihood of developing schizophrenia.
Disturbed.
Personality Disorders
Disorders characterized by deeply ingrained, inflexible patterns of thinking, feeling, or relating to others or controlling impulses that cause distress or impaired functioning.
Controversial, as there is a question of whether personality is a ___.
Disorder.
