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Anatomy (JC2) > Stomach, Duodenum, Coeliac Vessels > Flashcards

Stomach, Duodenum, Coeliac Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

What is the inlet of the stomach?

A

The Gastro-Oesophageal Junction

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2
Q

What is the outlet of the stomach?

A

The Pylorus

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3
Q

What are the parts of the Stomach?

A
  1. Cardia
  2. Fundus
  3. Body
  4. Pylorus
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4
Q

What are the Omenta and Ligaments attaching to the Stomach?

A
  1. Greater Omentum
  2. Lesser Omentum
  3. GastroPhrenic Ligament
  4. GastroSplenic Ligament
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5
Q

What are the Muscle Layers of the stomach?

A
  1. Outer Longitudinal
  2. Inner Circular
  3. Innermost Oblique
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6
Q

What are the types of Mucosa found within the body of the stomach?

A
  1. Rugae
  2. Magenstrasse
  3. Nodules/Pits that produce the mucus
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7
Q

What is the blood supply to the stomach?

A

All from Coeliac Trunk:

  1. Left Gastric
  2. Right Gastric
  3. Left and Right GastroEpiploics
  4. Short Gastrics
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8
Q

What is the Lymphatic Drainage of the Stomach?

A

3 Areas all draining to Coeliac Nodes:

  1. Superior 2/3 directly to coeliac
  2. Upper left to Splenic Nodes and Pancreatic nodes then Coeliac
  3. Lower Left to Pyloric and Retroduodenal nodes then Coeliac
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9
Q

What is Troisier’s Sign?

A

Swollen Lymph node above the clavicle (Virchow’s node) indicating cancer in the stomach

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10
Q

What are the branches of the Coeliac Trunk?

A
  1. Common Hepatic Artery
  2. Splenic Artery
  3. Left Gastric Artery
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11
Q

What arteries come off the Common Hepatic Artery?

A
  1. Cystic Artery
  2. Right and Left Hepatic Arteries
  3. Gastroduodenal Artery
  4. Right Gastric Artery
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12
Q

What arteries come off the Splenic Artery?

A
  1. Short Gastrics

2. Left Gastroepiploic Artery

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13
Q

What arteries come off the Left Gastric artery?

A

Oesophageal Artery

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14
Q

What arteries come off the Gastroduodenal Artery?

A
  1. Superior Pancreaticduodenal Artery

2. Right Gastroepiploic Artery

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15
Q

What is the nerve supply to the stomach?

A
  1. Sympathetics from Coeliac Plexus

2. Parasympathetic from Vagus Nerve–> Anterior and Posterior along lesser curvature

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16
Q

What are the anterior relations of the stomach?

A
  1. Abdominal Wall
  2. Costal margin
  3. Diaphragm
  4. Left Lobe of Liver
17
Q

What are the posterior relations of the stomach?

A
  1. Lesser Sac
  2. Pancreas
  3. Splenic Artery
  4. Spleen
  5. Left Kidney and Adrenal
  6. Transverse Mesocolon
18
Q

What are the borders of the Epiploic Foramen (Foramen of Winslow)?

A

Superior: Caudate lobe of Liver
Inferior: Part 1 of Duodenum
Anterior: Free Edge of Lesser Omentum
Posterior: Inferior Vena Cava

19
Q

How many parts of Duodenum are there?

20
Q

How long is the first part of duodenum?

A

5cm (2 inches)

21
Q

Is the first part of duodenum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?

A

First 2cm is intraperitoneal, next 3cm is retroperitoneal

22
Q

How long is the second part of duodenum?

23
Q

What is the importance of the second part of duodenum?

A

It is where the common bile duct and pancreatic duct merge to form the Ampulla of Vater and enter the duodenum at the Sphincter of Oddi

24
Q

What structure is in the second part of duodenum?

A

Major Duodenal Papillae

25
Q

What gland is in the first part of duodenum?

A

Brunner’s Glands

26
Q

What is the function of Brunner’s Glands?

A

Secrete alkaline fluid into the duodenum to neutralise acid from the stomach

27
Q

How long is the third part of duodenum?

28
Q

How long is the fourth part of duodenum?

29
Q

What structures are anterior to the first part of duodenum?

A
  1. Liver

2. Gallbladder

30
Q

What structures are posterior to the first part of duodenum?

A
  1. Portal Vein
  2. Common Bile Duct
  3. Gastroduodenal Artery
31
Q

What structures are anterior to the second part of duodenum?

A

Transverse Colon

32
Q

What structures are posterior to the second part of duodenum?

A
  1. Right Kidney

2. Right Ureter

33
Q

What structures are anterior to the third part of duodenum?

A
  1. Root of Mesentery

2. Superior Mesenteric Artery and Vein

34
Q

What structures are posterior to the third part of duodenum?

A
  1. Inferior Vena Cava

2. Aorta

35
Q

What is anterior and posterior to the fourth part of duodenum?

A

Suspensory Ligament of Treitz

36
Q

What is the Suspensory Ligament of Treitz?

A

This band of smooth muscle from the right crus of the diaphragm which passes anterior to the aorta/renal vessels but being the pancreas, to blend with outer coat of the duodenojejunal flexure

37
Q

What is the blood supply to duodenum?

A

1st part: Hepatic, Gastroduodenal, Right Gastric and Right Gastroepiploic
2nd Part: Superior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery and Gastroduodenal Artery
3rd and 4th part: Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

38
Q

What are the Peritoneal Recesses?

A
  1. Superior Duodenal Recess
  2. Inferior Duodenal Recess
  3. Paraduodeal Recess
  4. Retroduodenal Recess
39
Q

Why are the Peritoneal Recess important?

A

They are potential areas for internal herniation of bowel or other structures

Anatomy (JC2) (20 decks)

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