Bladder, Prostate, Seminal Vesicles Flashcards
What shape is the bladder?
Pyramid-shaped, with its superior expanding upwards as the bladder fills
What are the parts of the Bladder?
- Base
- Apex
- Body
- Neck
Where do the Ureters enter the Bladder?
At the Trigone at the Posterior (Base) surface
How is the Bladder oriented?
- The Base is posterior
- The Apex is Anterior
- The neck is inferior
What muscles are in the Bladder?
- Detrusor Muscle
- Internal Urethral Sphincter
- External Urethral Sphincter
What Ligaments are attached to the Bladder in Males?
- Median Umbilical Ligament (remnant of Urachus)
2. Puboprostatic Ligament
What Ligaments are attached to the bladder in Females?
- Median Umbilical Ligament 9Remnant of Urachus)
2. Pubovesical Ligament
What is the Blood Supply to the Bladder?
Superior and Inferior Vesical Arteries from the Internal Iliac Artery
What are Bladder Catheters used for?
- Bladder examination
- Bladder Drainage
- Drug Delivery
What is Cytoscopy?
Procedure that allows the doctor to visually examine the lining of the bladder and urethra
Describe the course of Vas Deferens from the Epididymis
Goes through the Spermatic Cord, out through the Deep Inguinal Ring, Crosses over the External Iliac Artery and Vein and the Ureter before combining with the duct of the Seminal Vesicles at the base of the Bladder
Where are the Seminal Vesicles?
Between the Bladder Fungus and the Rectum
Describe the Prostate Gland?
It is a walnut-sized gland positioned inferiorly to the neck of the bladder but superior to the External Urethral Sphincter, being supported in its position by Levator Ani
What is the Prostate Gland made out of?
80% ducts, 20% fibromuscular tissue
What are the layers of the Prostate Gland from outside to in?
- False Capsule (Pelvic Fascia)
- Prostatic Venous Plexus (Valveless Veins of Batson)
- True Capsule (Fibrous Connective Tissue)
What are the lobes of the prostate?
- Anterior
- Median
- Posterior
- Lateral
Where is the anterior lobe of the prostate?
Anterior to the Urethra
Where is the Median Lobe of the prostate?
Posterior to the urethra, bounded inferiorly by the ejaculatory ducts
Where is the Posterior lobe of the prostate?
Posterior to the urethra, bounded superiorly by the ejaculatory ducts
Where are the lateral lobes for the prostate?
To the left and right of the urethra
What are the zones of the prostate?
- Central
- Anterior
- Transition
- Peripheral
Where does Benign Hypertrophy of the Prostate occur?
Central Zone of the Prostate
Where does Carcinoma of the Prostate occur?
Peripheral Zone of the Prostate
What is the blood supply to the Prostate gland?
Prostatic Artery from the Internal Iliac Artery
What is the incidence of men getting Benign Prostatic enlargement?
~50% at the age above 50
How is a Benign Prostatic Enlargement detected?
Digital Rectal Examination–> Palpate the Posterior lobe of the Prostate
What can Benign Prostatic Enlargement cause?
Bladder Outlet Obstruction
What is the incidence of Prostate Cancer?
80% of men at age 80 will have it but <5% die of it
How does Transrectal Ultrasonography work?
It releases sound waves into the organ to identify the size and specific location of the tumour
What is TURP?
Device inserted into the prostate to scrape out prostatic tissue–> reopens the urethra and is used to treat Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
