Bladder, Prostate, Seminal Vesicles

Question 1

What shape is the bladder?

Answer 1

Pyramid-shaped, with its superior expanding upwards as the bladder fills

Question 2

What are the parts of the Bladder?

Answer 2

1. Base
2. Apex
3. Body
4. Neck

Question 3

Where do the Ureters enter the Bladder?

Answer 3

At the Trigone at the Posterior (Base) surface

Question 4

How is the Bladder oriented?

Answer 4

1. The Base is posterior
2. The Apex is Anterior
3. The neck is inferior

Question 5

What muscles are in the Bladder?

Answer 5

1. Detrusor Muscle
2. Internal Urethral Sphincter
3. External Urethral Sphincter

Question 6

What Ligaments are attached to the Bladder in Males?

Answer 6

1. Median Umbilical Ligament (remnant of Urachus)

2. Puboprostatic Ligament

Question 7

What Ligaments are attached to the bladder in Females?

Answer 7

1. Median Umbilical Ligament 9Remnant of Urachus)

2. Pubovesical Ligament

Question 8

What is the Blood Supply to the Bladder?

Answer 8

Superior and Inferior Vesical Arteries from the Internal Iliac Artery

Question 9

What are Bladder Catheters used for?

Answer 9

1. Bladder examination
2. Bladder Drainage
3. Drug Delivery

Question 10

What is Cytoscopy?

Answer 10

Procedure that allows the doctor to visually examine the lining of the bladder and urethra

Question 11

Describe the course of Vas Deferens from the Epididymis

Answer 11

Goes through the Spermatic Cord, out through the Deep Inguinal Ring, Crosses over the External Iliac Artery and Vein and the Ureter before combining with the duct of the Seminal Vesicles at the base of the Bladder

Question 12

Where are the Seminal Vesicles?

Answer 12

Between the Bladder Fungus and the Rectum

Question 13

Describe the Prostate Gland?

Answer 13

It is a walnut-sized gland positioned inferiorly to the neck of the bladder but superior to the External Urethral Sphincter, being supported in its position by Levator Ani

Question 14

What is the Prostate Gland made out of?

Answer 14

80% ducts, 20% fibromuscular tissue

Question 15

What are the layers of the Prostate Gland from outside to in?

Answer 15

1. False Capsule (Pelvic Fascia)
2. Prostatic Venous Plexus (Valveless Veins of Batson)
3. True Capsule (Fibrous Connective Tissue)

Question 16

What are the lobes of the prostate?

Answer 16

1. Anterior
2. Median
3. Posterior
4. Lateral

Question 17

Where is the anterior lobe of the prostate?

Answer 17

Anterior to the Urethra

Question 18

Where is the Median Lobe of the prostate?

Answer 18

Posterior to the urethra, bounded inferiorly by the ejaculatory ducts

Question 19

Where is the Posterior lobe of the prostate?

Answer 19

Posterior to the urethra, bounded superiorly by the ejaculatory ducts

Question 20

Where are the lateral lobes for the prostate?

Answer 20

To the left and right of the urethra

Question 21

What are the zones of the prostate?

Answer 21

1. Central
2. Anterior
3. Transition
4. Peripheral

Question 22

Where does Benign Hypertrophy of the Prostate occur?

Answer 22

Central Zone of the Prostate

Question 23

Where does Carcinoma of the Prostate occur?

Answer 23

Peripheral Zone of the Prostate

Question 24

What is the blood supply to the Prostate gland?

Answer 24

Prostatic Artery from the Internal Iliac Artery

Question 25

What is the incidence of men getting Benign Prostatic enlargement?

Answer 25

~50% at the age above 50

Question 26

How is a Benign Prostatic Enlargement detected?

Answer 26

Digital Rectal Examination–> Palpate the Posterior lobe of the Prostate

Question 27

What can Benign Prostatic Enlargement cause?

Answer 27

Bladder Outlet Obstruction

Question 28

What is the incidence of Prostate Cancer?

Answer 28

80% of men at age 80 will have it but <5% die of it

Question 29

How does Transrectal Ultrasonography work?

Answer 29

It releases sound waves into the organ to identify the size and specific location of the tumour

Question 30

What is TURP?

Answer 30

Device inserted into the prostate to scrape out prostatic tissue–> reopens the urethra and is used to treat Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy