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Anatomy (JC2) > Gluteal Region, Posterior Thigh > Flashcards

Gluteal Region, Posterior Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles in the Gluteal Region?

A
  1. Gluteus Maximus
  2. Gluteus Medius
  3. Gluteus Minimus
  4. Piriformis
  5. Obturator Internus
  6. Obturator Externus
  7. Quadratus Femoris
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2
Q

What are the origins of Gluteus Maximus?

A
  1. Ilium
  2. Sacrum
  3. Sacrotuberous Ligament
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3
Q

What are the insertions of Gluteus Maximus?

A
  1. Iliotibial Tract

2. Gluteal Tuberosity

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4
Q

What is the nerve supply to Gluteus Maximus?

A

Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5-S2)

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5
Q

What are the actions of Gluteus Maximus?

A
  1. Extension of hip

2. Lateral Rotation of hip

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6
Q

What are the origins of Gluteus Medius?

A

Gluteal surface of Ilium

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7
Q

What are the insertions of Gluteus Medius?

A

Greater Trochanter on Femur

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8
Q

What is the nerve supply to Gluteus Medius?

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)

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9
Q

What are the actions of Gluteus Medius?

A

Abduction of the entire lower limb

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10
Q

What are the origins of Gluteus Minimus?

A

Gluteal Surface of Ilium

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11
Q

What are the insertions of Gluteus Minimus?

A

Greater Trochanter on Femur

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12
Q

What is the nerve supply to Gluteus Minimus?

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)

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13
Q

What are the actions of Gluteus Minimus?

A

Abduction of entire lower limb

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14
Q

What are the origins of Piriformis?

A

Anterior surface of sacrum

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15
Q

What are the insertions of Piriformis?

A

Travels through the Greater Sciatic Foramen to insert into the Greater Trochanter on the Femur

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16
Q

What is the nerve supply to Piriformis?

A

Nerve to Piriformis

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17
Q

What are the actions of Piriformis?

A

Lateral Rotation and Abduction of Hip joint

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18
Q

What are the origins of Obturator Internus?

A

Inner margin of Obturator Foramen

19
Q

What are the insertions of Obturator Internus?

A

Travels through the Lesser Sciatic Foramen to the medial side of the Greater Trochanter on the Femur

20
Q

What is the nerve supply to Obturator Internus?

A

Nerve to Obturator Internus

21
Q

What are the actions of Obturator Internus?

A

Lateral Rotation and Abduction of hip joint

22
Q

What are the origins of Quadratus Femoris?

A

Ischial Tuberosity

23
Q

What are the insertions of Quadratus Femoris?

A

Intertrochanteric Crest

24
Q

What is the nerve supply to Quadratus Femoris?

A

Nerve to Quadtratus Femoris

25
Q

What are the actions of Quadratus Femoris?

A

Lateral Rotation and stabilisation of the hip joint

26
Q

What are the nerves in the Gluteal region?

A
  1. Sciatic Nerve
  2. Pudendal Nerve
  3. Superior Gluteal Nerve
  4. Inferior Gluteal Nerve
  5. Nerve to Piriformis
  6. Nerve to Obturator Internus
  7. Nerve to Quadratus Femoris
  8. Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of Thigh
27
Q

What are the Arteries in the Gluteal Region?

A

Branches of the Internal Iliac Artery–> Superior and Inferior Gluteal Arteries, Medial and Lateral Femoral Circumflex Arteries

28
Q

Describe the Sciatic Nerve

A
  1. Made up of 2 nerves fused together–> Tibial Nerve and Common Peroneal Nerve
  2. Enters the gluteal region through the Greater Sciatic Foramen BELOW Piriformis
29
Q

What happens when Gluteus Medius and/or Gluteus Minimus is weak or paralysed?

A

Trendelenburg Gait–> Excessive tilt on opposite side because the muscle does not stabilise the pelvis when the person is walking

30
Q

What are the Greater and Lesser Sciatic Foramen formed by?

A
  1. Greater Sciatic Notch
  2. Lesser Sciatic Notch
  3. Sacrospinous Ligament
  4. Sacrotuberous Ligament
31
Q

What passes through the Greater Sciatic Foramen?

A

Key; Piriformis Muscle
Above Piriformis: Superior Gluteal Nerve and Vessels
Below Piriformis: Sciatic Nerve, Inferior Gluteal Nerve and Vessels, Pudendal Nerve and Vessels

32
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

The Hamstrings:

  1. Semimembranousus
  2. Semitendinosus
  3. Biceps Femoris
33
Q

What are the origins of Semimembranosus?

A

Ischial Tuberosity

34
Q

What are the insertions of Semimembranosus?

A

Medial side of Tibia

35
Q

What is the nerve supply to Semimembranosus?

A

Tibial part of Sciatic Nerve

36
Q

What are the actions of Semimembranosus?

A

Extend the hip and Flex the knee

37
Q

What are the origins of Semitendinosus?

A

Ischial Tuberosity

38
Q

What are the insertions of Semitendinosus?

A

Medial side of Tibia

39
Q

What is the nerve supply to Semitendinosus?

A

Tibial Part of Sciatic Nerve

40
Q

What are the actions of Semitendinosus?

A

Extend the hip and Flex the Knee

41
Q

What are the origins of Biceps Femoris?

A

Long Head: Ischial Tuberosity

Short Head: Posterior Femur

42
Q

What are the insertions of Biceps Femoris?

A

Head of the Fibula

43
Q

What is the nerve supply to Biceps Femoris?

A

Long Head: Tibial part of Sciatic Nerve

Short Head: Common Peroneal Part of Sciatic Nerve

44
Q

What are the actions of Biceps Femoris?

A

Extend the hip and flex the knee

Anatomy (JC2) (20 decks)

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