stoffen Flashcards

1
Q

stoffen celmembraan

A

fosfolipiden
- fosfatidylcholine
- fosfatitdylethanolamine

zonula adhearens
- alfa-actine
- vinculine
- catenine
- cadherine

macula adhearens
- keratine
- cadherine

osmose
- urium

secundaire boodschappers
- AC = adenylaatcyclase
-> cAMP cyclisch adenosinemonofosfaat
- GC = guanylaatcylcase
-> cGMP = cyclisch guanosinemonofosfaat
- PLC fosfolipase C
-> PIP2 fosfatidylinositoldifosfaat
-> DAG diacylglycerol & IP3 inositoltrifosfaat
- PLA2 = fosfolipase A2
-> arachidonzuur

kaliumlekkanaal
- inward rectifier kaliumkanalen KIR/IRK
-> activatie: fosfatidylinositol 4;5 bifosfaat PIP2

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2
Q

stoffen cytoplasma

A

GA
pro-pro-insuline
-> insuline = pancreas

mitocondrion
- ATP = adenosine-trifosfaat
- ADP = adenosine-difosfaat
- AMP = adenosine-monofosfaat
- creatinefosfokinase

complexen ETS
- Q10 = coënzyme ubichinon 10
- succinaat
-> furamaat
- FAD = flavine-adeninedinucleotide
- cytochroom c

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3
Q

stoffen celkern

A

antibiotica
- tetracycline
- streptomycine
- ampiciline

knipenzym
- EcoRi

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4
Q

stoffen eiwitsynthese

A

purine’s
- adenine
- guanine
pyrimidine
- cytosine
- thymine
- uracil

hypothese 1/1
- PKU = fenylketonurie = ziekte
–> hoge conentratie fenylalanine
- neurospora crasse = rodebroodschimmel

codon:
- startcodon = AUG
- stopcodon = UAA, UAG, UGA

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5
Q

stoffen energetische omzettingen

A

krebs-cyclus
- pryruvaat
- acetyl-Coa
- acyl-CoA
- oxaal azijnzuur
- alfa-ketoglutaraat

e- dragers
- NAD = nicotinamide-adenine-dincleotide
- FAD = flavin-adenine-dinucleotide

BCAA
- valine
- isoleucine
- leucine

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6
Q

stoffen celdeling

A

heterochromatide
euchromatide

enzymen
- DNA polymerase
- DNA helicase
- DNA ligase
- DNA primase
- DNA tropoisomerase
- exonucleasen

afbraak synaptomenaal complex
- trypsine
- ureum
- 0,2M HCL

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7
Q

stoffen embryologie

A

stoffen die vrijkomen bij bevruchtiging
- hyaluronidase
- trypsine achtige substantie
- zona-lysone
- vitelline

hormonen bij groeien
- groeihormoon x growth-hormone receptor
- IGF = insuline like growth hormone
- T3/4

geslachtshormonen
- testosteron
- oestrogeen
- progesteron

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8
Q

stoffen genetica

A

spontane mutaties
HX = hypoanthine
5mec = 5-methylcytosine

chemicaliën mutaties
- hydroxylamine
- base-analogen: bromodeoxyuridine BrdU
- alkyleringsmiddelen: N-ethul-N-nitrosourea
- DNA-adducten: ochratoxina
- DNA-intercalatiemiddelen: ethidiumbromide
- DNA-crosslinkers
- oxidatieve schade

genen op x
- rood/groenkleurenblindheid
- Xg-bloedgroep
- hemoglobine A/S
- glucose-6-fosfaat-dehydrogenase

genen op y
- SRY-gen = seks determination region Y

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9
Q

stoffen epitheel

A

zuigreflex
- hormoon oxytocine

steroïd producerende cellen
- acetaat
-> cholesterol
-> pregnenol
-> progestagenen, androgenen, oestrogenen

apud-cellen
- tyrosine
-> dopamine
-> noradrenaline/adrenaline/
6-hydroxytryptamine

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10
Q

stoffen bindweefsel

A

aminozuren collagene vezels
tropocollageen
- glycine
- proline
- hydroxyproline
- lysine

aminozure elastische vezels
- glycine
- proline
- valine
- alanine
- desmosine

GAG’s
- hyaluron zuur
- dermatansulfaat = condroïtine-sulfaat B
- chondrioïtine-4 of 6-sulfaat = chondroïtine A/C
- heparansulfaat

ankereiwit = tenascine
eiwit regulatie colloîd osmotische druk
= albumine

mastcel
- herpanine
- histamine
- ECF-A eosinophil chemtactic factor

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11
Q

stoffen been & kraakbeen

A

verklaking
- CaCO3
- CaPO4
- hydroxyapatietkristallen
- calcoferieten/sferulieten/matrixgranulen

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12
Q

stoffen vetweefsel

A

hormonen
- ACTH = adrenocorticotroop
- estadion

warmteproductie
- uncoupleproteïn

adipocines
- TNF = tumor neucrosis factor
- IL = interleucine
- leptine
- adiponectine
- chomokines
- resistine
- aromatose

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13
Q

stoffen spierweefsel

A

actine
- G-actine
- F-actine
- tropomyosine
- troponine
– TnT
– TnI
– Tnc
– calmoduline

myosine
- light chain meromyosine
- heavy chain meromyosine

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14
Q

stoffen zenuwweefsel

A

neurotransmitter
- aminozuren = glycine
- amines = adrenaline & GABA = gamma-amino-boter-zuur
- (di)peptides = sertonine

parasympatisch
NT: acetylcholine x nicotine receptor
orthosymatartisch
NT: noradrenaline x musculaire nicotine receptor = alfa/beta-adrenerge receptoren

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