STIs Flashcards
What is the commonest bacterial STI in the UK?
Chlamydia
Women with chlamydia are at high risk of developing PID. True/false?
False - 9%
A patient with chlamydia develops PID. Give two risks of this.
Ectopic pregnancy
Tubal infertility
How does chlamydia present in a female?
Bleeding - post-coital/intermenstrual
Lower abdo pain
Dyspareunia
How does chlamydia present in a male?
Urethral discharge
Dysuria
Urethritis
Epididymo-orchitis
Give some potential complications of chlamydia infection
PID Tubal damage Chronic pelvic pain Conjunctivitis Reactive arthritis
How long after exposure should chlamydia be tested for?
14 days
What test is used to diagnose chlamydia and how is it taken in males/females?
NAAT
Females - vulvovaginal swab
Males - first void urine
When should a rectal swab for chlamydia be added?
Receptive anal intercourse
What is the treatment for chlamydia?
Doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 1 week
How does gonorrhoea present in men?
Mucopurulent urethral discharge
Dysuria
How does gonorrhoea present in women?
Increased vaginal discharge
Dysuria
Pelvic pain
Give some potential complications of gonorrhoea
Bartholinitis Endometritis PID Rectal/periurethral abscesses Prostatitis
What test is done to screen for gonorrhoea?
NAATs
What is the first-line treatment for gonorrhoea?
Ceftriaxone 500mg IM
When is test of cure carried out in patients with gonorrhoea?
2 weeks
What are the incubation and duration periods of genital herpes?
Incubation - 3-6 days
Duration - 14-21 days
Give some symptoms of primary genital herpes
Blistering/ulceration of external genitalia Pain Dysuria Discharge Lymphadenopathy
Recurrent episodes of genital herpes are more common with which HSV? Why?
HSV 2
Higher rates of viral shedding
How do recurrent episodes of HSV present?
Unilateral small blisters and ulcers
Outline the management of genital herpes
Swab base of ulcer for PCR
Oral acyclovir
Topical lidocaine
When should you be very concerned about an episode of genital herpes?
First episode in 3rd trimester
What is the most common viral STI in the UK?
HPV
Give the main low and high risk HPV serotypes
Low risk - 6 & 11
High risk - 16 & 18
How may HPV infection present?
Anogenital warts
What treatment is available for genital warts?
Podophyllotoxin
Imiquimod
Cryotherapy - pregnancy
The HPV vaccine covers which serotypes?
6, 11, 16 and 18
What bacterium causes syphilis?
Treponema pallidium
What are the stages of acquired syphilis infection?
Primary Secondary Early latent Late latent Tertiary
What is the average incubation period of primary syphilis infection?
21 days
How does primary syphilis infection classically present?
Primary painless chancre
Give some clinical features of secondary syphilis
Macular/follicular rash
Mucous membranes lesions
Lymphadenopathy
Condylomata lata
What test is usually done to diagnose syphilis?
PCR
What can be done to test for antibodies to pathogenic treponemes?
Serological testing
What is the main serological screening test for treponema?
ELISA
How is syphilis treated?
2.4 MU benzathine penicillin
How is syphilis followed up serologically?
Testing RPR titres to see if they decrease
