Menstrual Dysfunction Flashcards
What occurs in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?
FSH stimulates ovarian follicle development and oestrogen production
FSH production declines
What occurs during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?
Corpus luteum formed
Progesterone produced
What is menorrhagia?
Prolonged and increased menstrual blood flow
What is polymenorrhoea?
When menses occur at <21 day interval
What is oligomenorrhoea?
Menses at intervals of >35 days
What are the three groups of causes of organic menorrhagia?
Local disorders (GU tract)
Systemic disorders
Pregnancy
Give some examples of local disorders that may cause menorrhagia
Fibroids Polyps Intrauterine coil Pelvic inflammatory disease Endometriosis Malignancy
Give some examples of systemic disorders that may cause menorrhagia
Endocrine disorders (hyperthyroidism/diabetes mellitus)
Haemophilia
Liver disorders
Renal disease
What types of pregnancy may cause menorrhagia?
Miscarriage
Ectopic pregnancy
What is dysfunctional uterine bleeding?
Vaginal bleeding outwith the normal menstrual cycle
Who tends to get anovulatory DUB?
Obese women at extremes of reproductive life
Who tends to get ovulatory DUB?
Women aged 35-45 years
Give some investigations for DUB
FBC Smear TSH Coagulation Transvaginal USS Endometrial sampling
What can be used to manage DUB medically?
Progestogens (synthetic progesterone)
Combined OCP
NSAID (tranexamic acid)
Progestogen-releasing IUCD
How can DUB be managed surgically?
Endometrial resection/ablation
Hysterectomy
