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Reproduction > Ovarian Cancer > Flashcards

Ovarian Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main pathological groups that affect the ovary?

A

Cysts
Endometriosis
Tumours

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2
Q

Cysts can arise from which structures?

A 
Follicules
Corpus luteum
Endometrium
Epithelium
Mesothelium
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3
Q

When do follicular cysts tend to form?

A

When ovulation does not occur

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4
Q

What cell type lines follicular cysts?

A

Granulosa cells

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5
Q

What is endometriosis?

A

When there are endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine body

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6
Q

How does endometriosis on the ovary commonly present?

A

Chocolate cyst

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7
Q

Give some clinical features of endometriosis on the ovary

A

Pelvic inflammation
Infertility
Pain

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8
Q

What are the main types of primary ovarian tumour?

A

Epithelial
Germ cell
Stromal

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9
Q

What are the main types of epithelial ovarian tumours?

A 
Serous
Mucinous
Endometrioid
Clear cell
Brenner
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10
Q

How are epithelial ovarian tumours subdivided?

A

Benign
Borderline
Malignant

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11
Q

How are malignant serous tumours further subdivided?

A

High grade

Low grade

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12
Q

Give some features of a benign epithelial ovarian tumour

A

No cytological abnormalities or proliferative activity

No stromal invasion

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13
Q

Give some features of a borderline epithelial ovarian tumour

A

Cytological abnormalities
Proliferative
No stromal invasion

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14
Q

What is the main feature of a malignant epithelial ovarian tumour?

A

Stromal invasion

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15
Q

What is the precursor for high grade serous carcinoma?

A

Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma

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16
Q

What is the precursor for a low grade serous carcinoma?

A

Serous borderline tumour

17
Q

Low grade serous carcinoma has a p53 mutation, high grade does not. True/false?

A

False - high grade has p53 mutation, low grade does not

18
Q

Clear cell carcinomas will classically present after what?

A

Endometriosis

19
Q

A Brenner tumour is a tumour of which type of epithelium?

A

Transitional type

20
Q

Almost all germ cell tumour in the ovary are which type of tumour?

A

Teratoma

21
Q

What may be found in a teratoma?

A

Sebum
Hair
Skin
Teeth

22
Q

Teratomas are benign. True/false?

A

True

23
Q

What is the most common malignant primitive germ cell tumour?

A

Dysgerminoma

24
Q

Give examples of tumours which may arise from the stroma

A

Fibroma
Granulosa cell tumour
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours

25
Q

How do fibromas appear macroscopically?

A

Potato-like

26
Q

Bilateral small mucinous tumours are highly suggestive of what?

A

Metastatic cancer

27
Q

How is ovarian cancer staged?

A

1 - limited to ovaries
2 - extension to uterus/fallopian tube
3 - lymph node involvement/close mets
4 - distant mets

Reproduction (33 decks)

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