stereotype activation (L6) Flashcards
define social categorisation
we place others into social groups and the beliefs we develop about members of a group guide future interactions.
give some examples of basic categories?
age, race and gender
what is intersectionality?
people belong to more than one category
what is the bottom up influence for stereotypes?
protoypicality- use environment- so do their features match the protoype face you have for that social group.
where are ambiguous faces categorised?
placed in the minority.
what is top down influences?
you use stereotypes- impressions of gorups that fomr by associating groups with particular characteristics
how can prejudiced attitudes affect social categorisation
because if you had racist attitudes you will focus on race when they categorise.
freeman et al’s experiment of stereotypes focused on what?
how people perceive gender and sexuality.
what did freeman et al find?
that more feminine a guy looked the more perceived he was as gay and the mroe masculine a woman looked the more perceived she was as gay - stereotypes.
where do people learn stereotypes?
learn from parents, peers and the media but also their own observations.
what is social role theory?
people observe the social roles others occupy
define correspondence bias
we tend to assume behaviour is due to personality factors.
define illusory correlations
people incorrectly link associations so they overestimate the relationship between two categoreis when undesirable information stands out.
what is the influence of advertising- give examples of stereotypes in advertising
women are typically shown in the home but men are typically shown in professional roles.
Johar et al’s procedure in studying the influence of advertising
showed commercials which depicted men and women in traditional roles and they were then asked to write an essay on thier future.
what are the finidngs of Johar et al study into inlfuence of advertising
found that women wrote their future as homemakers but men were not influenced.
define the term stereotype knowledge
extent to which a person is familiar with the content of a stereotype
stereotype endorsement is what
to which someone personally believes the societal stereotype accurately describes a social group
what is stereotype activation?
extent to which a stereotype is accessible in one’s mind- priming.
what is stereotype application?
the extent that one uses a stereotype to judge an individual.
what is intersectionality invisibility?
people with intersectional identities are less likely to be recognised as protoypical member of either identity.
what are the advantages of intersectional invisibility?
not activated then it is not used
what are the disadvantages of intersectional invisbility?
people who are not seen are alos not heard, they are understudied.
dual stereotyped
more worried about experiencing discrimination as they have less allies or role models- double jeopardy.
black women in stem- there in 2 minority groups.
what is meant by the term cognitive busyness?
busy with one mental task trying to do another task.
what is the relationship between WM and stereotype activation?
lack of space in WM disrupts stereotype activation e.g. people who were cogntively busy used fewer stereotypical words.
what is myopia?
behaviour based on immediate and readily avalibale information. triggered by tiredness as well as alcohol.
