lecture 8- social stressors and health Flashcards
what are macro social influences
large scale influences that are above an individuals control
what are some of the issues that arise with macro social ifnleucnes surroduing health
dominant public health policy assumes individuals are responsible for their own health- illness is soon due to seen as fault of individual
what % of the world live in lown income
70%- they lack acess to basic necessities like safe water
what is a higher SES associated with
better health and longer life expectancy
what is social capital
the idea that social relationships are resources- trust and safety repciprocity diversity etc.
the more social capital you have…
the better off you are
luo et al measured teh assoication between what two variables
mortality and loneliness
what was the findings of luo et als study
measured who died and who didnt and the best preductor over the 6 years is loneliness but other factors had an impact
what are the gender differences in life span?
men die earlier than women but women have poorer health
what were the gender differences between illness types
women suffer more non life threatening illnesses
what are the impact of gender stereotypes on health and social stressors
social constucts of masculinity and feminity impact them- more likey to adopt risky bheaviour.
what is neurosexism
assumption that differences between males and females is due to brain development and socialisation is not responsible.
what is the difference in performance for teh metnal rotation task
men signficantly better tahn women which was suggested to be because of mens need for spatial intelligence
what was later found for the difference between mental rotation performance
actual redicting factors were lego and if you played with it as a child.
what is the health of minotiry groups
generally poorer than that of the majority population.
how are racial minorities and ethnic groups subect to discrimination in health care
reduces access but also poorer communication levels
what are the short term consequences of racism on stress levels
short term consequences- activation of HPA axis: releases cortisol in the blood stream which has effects of blood pressure.
what are the long term consequences of racism and stress
blunted stress response, makes the HPA response ineffective, not going to adapt to stress anymore disregulating the immune response
how does health unofficially favour the majority over the minority
ignore the cultural, lifestyle an dlanguage differences
stigma: what is devalued social identity?
unfavourable to people who possess attributes that are undersirabl, source of distress and denial of empolyment oppurtunities
what is stereotype threat?
beign aware of stigma is enough to have an effect, fear of conforming to negative stereotypes about group often experienced among women in stem.
spencer et al 1999- studied…
men and women on a math test, either told no gender difference or reinforce the stereotype that men are historically better at maths than women.
what were the results of spencer et al 1999 study on stereotypes during a maths test
if gender difference women did a lot worse than in the control- but stereotype lift occurs with the men
how did vick et al 200 adapt sencer et al 1999’s study
measured their blood pressure- stereotype threat: mens pressure dropped and womens increased. Control: men pressure increased and womens dropped.
cheryan et al 2009 onducted what study into the role of environment on stereotypes
masculine environment versus neutral environment of a science lab
what was the results of cheryan et al’s 2009 study
masculine environment womens interest went down compared to the neutral science lab.
what is self contorl failure?
stereotype threat requires high self-monitroing and pronlonged suppression of emotions and behaviour
inzlicht et al 2006 found
when women told gender differencs on aths test tey struggled to complete a hand grip task afterwards.
