lecture 3: social cognition and the self Flashcards
what is self schema?
cognitive representation of oneself
what is the self reference effect?
self referent words are easier to recall- the cocktail party effect shift attention to our name because its a self-referent word.
self-perception theory?
our own behaviour as a basis for inference for the self-schema.
what is self-determination theory ?
external motivations (driven by rewards/approval/money). Internal motivations (behaviour is driven by self-interest.
looking glass self
others perceptions of us feed into our self-schema- we assume what others think about us.
what is social comparison theory?
use others to evaluate our own abilities and characteristics- think of ourselves in terms of what makes us unique.
upwards social comparison
when we compare ourselves to someone better than us.
what is downards social comparison?
to someone we perceive as less than us so we feel better about ourselves
what are the three simultaneous selves?
actual self, ideal self and ought self
what is self-control?
ability to override thoughts, emotions and behaviours- used to balance between self-expression and self-presentation.
self-control dependent…
limited resources
self-regulation
is like a muscle, prolonged use of self-control causes self-fatigue
what is the process of self-control?
controlling your behaviour shifs motivation away from further control-tmeporarily shifts to rewarding behaviour.
self-esteem
indicates how you are doing in terms of successes and failures
what is social cognition?
organise our thoughts to navigate the world, contains both controlled and automatic processes.
what are controlled processes and automatic processes
deliberate and intentional behaviours whereas automatic is uncontrollable and unconscious behaviours- which we have to measure implicitly.
factors into social cognition include our environment which was studied how?
shooter bias task
who studied the shooter bias task and what was the results
correll et al- studied the perception of threat shoot quicker at armed black individuals and slowwer in pressing not shoot for unarmed- based on the environmental cues.
payne 2001- weapons identification task
primed participants with tool-race images and found that incongruent pairings were harder to recognise e.g. white-gun
gilbert and hixon 1991
used priming
amodio et al used what method to study individual differences in implicit affective bias?
startle eye blink method.
what are the cultural differences in self esteem
heine and lehman 2003- japanese never had a word for self-esteem.
inzlicht et al 2014 found wat about self control
controlling behaviour shifts motivation away from further control. it redirects resources and when fatuged go towards reward seeking.
what is baumeister exploding self esteem about
cast doubts on the associations between self esteem and academic performance- is there other facotrs that hold a greater influence. ALso self esteem is largely correlational data- no causation.
