lecture 3: social cognition and the self

Question 1

what is self schema?

Answer 1

cognitive representation of oneself

Question 2

what is the self reference effect?

Answer 2

self referent words are easier to recall- the cocktail party effect shift attention to our name because its a self-referent word.

Question 3

self-perception theory?

Answer 3

our own behaviour as a basis for inference for the self-schema.

Question 4

what is self-determination theory ?

Answer 4

external motivations (driven by rewards/approval/money). Internal motivations (behaviour is driven by self-interest.

Question 5

looking glass self

Answer 5

others perceptions of us feed into our self-schema- we assume what others think about us.

Question 6

what is social comparison theory?

Answer 6

use others to evaluate our own abilities and characteristics- think of ourselves in terms of what makes us unique.

Question 7

upwards social comparison

Answer 7

when we compare ourselves to someone better than us.

Question 8

what is downards social comparison?

Answer 8

to someone we perceive as less than us so we feel better about ourselves

Question 9

what are the three simultaneous selves?

Answer 9

actual self, ideal self and ought self

Question 10

what is self-control?

Answer 10

ability to override thoughts, emotions and behaviours- used to balance between self-expression and self-presentation.

Question 11

self-control dependent…

Answer 11

limited resources

Question 12

self-regulation

Answer 12

is like a muscle, prolonged use of self-control causes self-fatigue

Question 13

what is the process of self-control?

Answer 13

controlling your behaviour shifs motivation away from further control-tmeporarily shifts to rewarding behaviour.

Question 14

self-esteem

Answer 14

indicates how you are doing in terms of successes and failures

Question 15

what is social cognition?

Answer 15

organise our thoughts to navigate the world, contains both controlled and automatic processes.

Question 16

what are controlled processes and automatic processes

Answer 16

deliberate and intentional behaviours whereas automatic is uncontrollable and unconscious behaviours- which we have to measure implicitly.

Question 17

factors into social cognition include our environment which was studied how?

Answer 17

shooter bias task

Question 18

who studied the shooter bias task and what was the results

Answer 18

correll et al- studied the perception of threat shoot quicker at armed black individuals and slowwer in pressing not shoot for unarmed- based on the environmental cues.

Question 19

payne 2001- weapons identification task

Answer 19

primed participants with tool-race images and found that incongruent pairings were harder to recognise e.g. white-gun

Question 20

gilbert and hixon 1991

Answer 20

used priming

Question 21

amodio et al used what method to study individual differences in implicit affective bias?

Answer 21

startle eye blink method.

Question 22

what are the cultural differences in self esteem

Answer 22

heine and lehman 2003- japanese never had a word for self-esteem.

Question 23

inzlicht et al 2014 found wat about self control

Answer 23

controlling behaviour shifts motivation away from further control. it redirects resources and when fatuged go towards reward seeking.

Question 24

what is baumeister exploding self esteem about

Answer 24

cast doubts on the associations between self esteem and academic performance- is there other facotrs that hold a greater influence. ALso self esteem is largely correlational data- no causation.