Stereoisomers Flashcards
Members of one class of stereoisomers are called _________.
Enantiomers
Enantiomers are ______________ mirror image molecules.
Nonsuperimposable
The term ______ is used to describe objects that cannot be superimposed on their mirror image.
Chiral
Superimposable vs. Nonsuperimposable
Superimposable = Identicle
Nonsuperimposable = Isomers(enantiomers)
What is the criteria for Chirals?
Often, must be surrounded by 4 different atoms.
Tetrahedral
Pairs of enantiomers are identical in almost every way.
What ways are they similar in?
Melting point
Boiling point
Solubility
(O)
Reduction
How can you determine the number of Stereoisomers?
Chiral Carbons = n
2n = # of stereoisomers
FYI: As chirals increase, stereoisomers increase
Light that has passed through a filter that blocks all light waves except those vibrating in one particular orientation.
Plane-polarized light
One property that can be used to distinguish enantiomers is the difference in how they interact with _____________.
Plane-polarized light
One stereoisomer of the drug may have a very different biological effect than its enantiomers. The (+) enantiomers are either more effective drugs or are safer to use than their (-) counterparts.
How can having too much (-) have negative effects?
(-)Blindness
(-)Contreceptive
Stereoisomers that are not enantiomers are called ___________.
Diastereomers
Isomers:
________ isomers have different connectivity of atoms
Constitutional Isomers
Isomers:
__________ are nonsuperimposable, mirror images.
Enantiomers
Isomers:
_________ diastereomers, multiple stereocenters
Chiral Diastereomers
Isomers:
________ diatereomers, restricted rotation.
Cis-trans Diastereomers
How many chiral carbon atoms does 3-bromo-4-methylhexan have?
How many stereoisomers are possible for this molecule?
2 chiral carbons
22 = 4 stereoisomers
