Stalin: history mock

Question 1

What role did Stalin have

Answer 1

The commissar of Nationalities

Question 2

When Lenin was in poor health…

Answer 2

only Stalin was able to see him

Question 3

Agitki

Answer 3

propaganda films that were made and shown to support the revolution

Question 4

The Great Terror (Stalin’s purges)

Answer 4

1930’s - Stalin began jailing political enemies and carrying out a campaign of Terror against those deemed enemies of the party. The Soviet Secret police arrested millions, including Government Officials, scientists, artists, and writers.

Question 5

In 1930, Stalin expelled…

Answer 5

thousands from the communist party, including Trotskyites as they were seen as threats

Question 6

In 1936, expulsion rates…

Answer 6

accelerated, and many of those ejected were arrested and in many cases executed

Question 7

The Great Purge (Stalin’s Purges)

Answer 7

1936 - Show trials were held in Moscow. Prominent founders of the communist party were convicted of counter-revolutionary activity and executed. The trials launched a series of arrests, thousands of People-Government officials, party bosses, and members of the military were sent to forced labour camps and executed

Question 8

More than a… of communist…

Answer 8

third of communist party members were executed during the purges. 81 of 103 of the highest-ranking military leaders were executed, this crippled the Soviet Union’s ability to defend against the Nazi’s

Question 9

Who were also affected?

Answer 9

Ordinary citizens, people were coerced into denouncing their friends, co-workers, and even family members in an attempt to save themselves. Those arrested were often tortured and forced to sign documents confessing their crimes. Millions were sent to prison camps in Siberia. Hundreds of thousands died while in Gulag prisons

Question 10

Stalin by 1934 - Secure

Answer 10

• Got rid of chief rivals in Politburo
• No one disagreed with him
• Ryutin (opposition) was expelled

Question 11

Stalin by 1934 - unsecure

Answer 11

• Kirov (Leningrad party leader) was still powerful
• Others in Soviet Union opposed Stalin’s policies
• Ryutin published ‘An appeal to all Bolsheviks’ (1932) a return to the New Economic Policy calling for the Elimination of Stalin
• Death Penalty was stopped by members of the Politburo
• Kirov abolished position of general secretary, reducing Stalin to the same level as other secretaries
• Kirov had 300 more votes than Stalin

Question 12

What happened to Kirov in 1934?

Answer 12

He was shot (December). Stalin was suspected to shoot him but there wasn’t much proof, so Stalin set up the NKVD, they investigated the shooting and found evidence of a ‘Moscow Centre’ led by Zinoviev and Kamenev (both opposition),

Question 13

so in January 1935…

Answer 13

Zinoviev, Kamenev and thousands of ordinary Leningrad party members were arrested.

Question 14

Why was Kirov’s death important

Answer 14

This was very important because one of Stalin’s biggest rivals had died.
Stalin now also ad the NKVD which made Stalin more powerful and secure

Question 15

In August 1936…

Answer 15

16 defendants, including Zinoviev and Kamenev, were publically trialled for being a part of Trotskyite-Zinovievite counter-revolutionary party. They were found guilty and shot

Question 16

Collectivisation

Answer 16

• Communist officials were sent to manage farms, they had no experience and were useless
• Grain production fell from 84 million tonnes to 68 million by 1933
• 5 million kulaks were killed/exiled, and 13 million died from the Holodomor
• 17 million peasants abandoned their farms and moved to towns

Question 17

% of farms collectivised

Answer 17

As time went on, the % of collectivised farms increased because peasants were told that they could work together on bigger, more productive farms. The % of collectivised farms increased rapidly from 1930 to 1941

Question 18

Grain produced in millions of tons

Answer 18

% was very high in the late 1920s, which was before collectivization began. Then people began to resist as they did not want to share their farms with other people, so they began to liquidise and burn their own farms to prevent this. This began during 1932-34 (the start of the process)

Question 19

livestock in millions

Answer 19

numbers of livestock decreased over time due to farm liquidations, people did not want to share their farms with other people so they shut down their farms to prevent this. The number of cattle rose for a period of time in 1938 due to an increase in dairy farms.

Question 20

Stalin ended Lenin’s NEP in…

Answer 20

1928

Question 21

5 years plans - GOSPLAN

Answer 21

state plan organisations set up by Lenin in 1921

Question 22

Aims for GOSPLAN

Answer 22

• GOSPLAN set overall targets for industries
• each region was told its target
• region set target for each mine, factory etc
• Manager of site set target for each person
• Forman set target for shifts, each worker

Question 23

Because of GOSPLAN…

Answer 23

Industries increased over time due to large work effort

Question 24

Alexey Stakhanov

Answer 24

mined 102 tonnes of coal in one shift (14 x average)
became ‘‘hero of socialist labour’
propaganda told people to become Stakhanovites

Question 25

operation Barbarossa

Answer 25

the code name for the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany. Happened on June 22nd 1941. Within one week they had destroyed the red army’s defence, smashed the red air force, captured provisions and took over 600,000 Soviet prisoner

Question 26

The winter war

Answer 26

war between the Soviets and Finland. Began with a Soviet invasion on Finland

Question 27

consequences of the winter war

Answer 27

• Russia was expelled from league of nations
• wasted resources
• 5 year plans cancelled
• Russia were embarrassed, put itself in position to be invaded
• low morale
• shortages at home, food, resources etc
• seen as week by Hitler
• Army and modern warfare needed to modernise
  only good thing was that Russia gained 11% of land due to the rules of the Moscow Peace Treaty

Question 28

Moscow Peace Treaty signed…

Answer 28

12th March 1940

Question 29

Cult of personality (Stalin)

Answer 29

• Edited images of himself (with Lenin- removes opponents from images etc)
• Cities, towns named after him (Stalingrad in 1925)
• Statues around whole of USSR
• films were made e.g October
• Posters and leaflets were put up

Question 30

What name was Stalin given in his honour

Answer 30

Man of Steel