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GCSE > BTEC GCSE EXAM APRIL 1ST > Flashcards

BTEC GCSE EXAM APRIL 1ST Flashcards

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1
Q

Fitness

A

The ability to meet the demands of the environment

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2
Q

Health

A

Th state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity

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3
Q

Performance

A

How well a task is completed

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4
Q

Aerobic Endurance

A

The ability of the cardio-respiratory system (heart/lungs) to work for long periods of time (30 mins or over)

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5
Q

Cardiovascular

A

Transports oxygen and nutrients to tissues in the body. It is made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels

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6
Q

Respiratory

A

Brings oxygen into the body. It is made up of the lungs and airways

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7
Q

3 Examples of athletes that need aerobic endurance

A

Marathon runners, Long distance swimmers, Cyclists

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8
Q

Muscular strength

A

The maximum force a muscle can produce. Measured in Kilograms (kg) or Newtons (N). Can be improved through weight training

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9
Q

Explosive strength

A

One quick contraction. Example - Javelin

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10
Q

Dynamic strength

A

Can be repeated

Example - sit ups

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11
Q

Speed

A

Time taken to cover a set distance (m/sec). Can be improved through sprint training

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12
Q

3 types of speed

A
  1. Acceleration: Sprints up to 30 m
  2. Pure: sprints up to 60 m
  3. Endurance: Sprints with short recovery in-between
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13
Q

Muscular endurance

A

The ability to work your muscles for long periods of time without getting tired. Essential for long distance events. Can be improved by taking part in long-duration weight training

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14
Q

3 examples of athletes that need Muscular endurance

A

Footballers, cyclists, rowers

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15
Q

Flexibility

A

The amount of movement you have at a joint. The ability of the muscles to stretch and then return to their original position fluidly, important for reducing the risk of muscle strains and injury. Can be improved by stretching on a regular basis

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16
Q

3 examples of athletes that need flexibility

A

Gymnasts, Divers, figure skaters

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17
Q

Body composition

A

The % of your body weight made up of fat, muscle, vital organs and bone. The ratio of fat mass : fat free mass

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18
Q

What is Fat-free mass

A

fat-free mass is made up of vital organs, muscles and bones in the body

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19
Q

somatotype

A

A human body shape and physique type

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20
Q

Types of Somatotype

A
  1. Endomorph - Short, stocky, thicker joints, wide hips, shorter limbs, gain fat and muscle easy
  2. Mesomorph - Broad shoulders, fast metabolism, low fat level, noticeable muscle
  3. Ectomorph - Low fat and muscle level, narrow shoulders, flat chest, thin, long limbs,
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21
Q

Skill related fitness

A

Agility, Balance, Coordination, reaction time, Power

22
Q

Agility

A

The ability of a sportsperson to change direction quickly: this could be in the air or on the ground. Training has little/no effect on agility

23
Q

3 examples of athletes that need agility

A

Basketball players, football players, gymnasts

24
Q

Balance

A

The ability of the performer to retain their centre of gravity/mass over their base of support. Balance cannot really be trained but can be improved through practice

25
Q

Types of balance

A

Static - Little/ no movement is produced
example - handstand
Dynamic - Movement is produced during a balance
example - keeping balance on a board, skateboard, surfing

26
Q

3 examples of athletes that need balance

A

Surfing, Equestrian, gymnastics

27
Q

Coordination

A

The ability to use 2 or more parts of the body smoothly and accurately at the same time. This cannot be improved through training , but can improve specific actions through practice

28
Q

3 examples of sports that need coordination

A

Tennis, Table tennis, basketball

29
Q

Reaction time

A

The time taken to respond to a stimulus. A stimulus could be anything from a starting gun to a side-step by an opponent. Can be improved in training

30
Q

3 examples of sports that need reaction time

A

table tennis, runners, tennis

31
Q

Power

A

The ability to combine strength with speed. The work done in a unit of time

32
Q

Equation for power

A

Power = force (kg) x speed (time min/sec)

33
Q

3 examples of sports that need power

A

shotput, sprinting, weightlifting

34
Q

Who invented the Borg Scale

A

Professor Gunnar Borg in 1970

35
Q

What is the Borg Scale, what does it do?

A

Measures how much work you put into an activity, rate of perceived exertion (RPE)

36
Q

RPE equation

A

RPE x 10 = Heart Rate (HR/BPM) e.g. working at 17 (very hard) means their HR is 170 BPM

37
Q

RPE scale

A 
6 - no exertion
7 - extremely light
9 - very light
13 - somewhat hard
15 - hard
17 - very hard
19 - Extremely hard 
20 maximal exertion
38
Q

Training threshold

A

How high your heart rate needs to be in order for the body to train effectively and show an improvement. You should exercise at this rate for at least 20-30 mins 3/5 times a week

39
Q

Max heart rate equation

A 
Max heart rate - 220 - age
example: training zone for 15 year old = 1HR -205
60% x 205 =123
80% x 205 = 164
training threshold = 123
40
Q

Individual differences in training plans

A

The programma should be designed to meet individual training goals and needs, fitness, skill level likes/ dislikes

41
Q

Principles of training: SPORT followed by some R&R

A 
S pecificity
P rogressive
O verload
R eversibility
T edium
with some
R est & R ecovery
42
Q

Principles of training: FITT for SPORT

A

Frequency - How many times you train
Intensity - How hard you train
Time - how long you train for
Type - What type of exercise you do

43
Q

S meaning in SPORT

A

Specificity - Thinking about what you are trying to achieve, being specific to the training goal (e.g. a footballer will train with/around the sport)

44
Q

P meaning in SPORT

A

Progression - developing or not developing over time. If a plateau happens (no development or reversibility) more work will be added so you can progress. Also, where training is increased gradually as the body adjusts to the increased demands being made on it.

45
Q

O meaning in SPORT

A

Overload - Having an increase of training and intensity in training so you can improve

46
Q

R meaning in SPORT

A

Reversibility - Having too much training or training is too intense, you will not progress and begin to go backwards, you can do this by getting injured, ill or if you are overtired. Now because you have lost time and progress you now have to work back to the point before injuring yourself

47
Q

T meaning in SPORT

A

Repetition, when an exercise or training becomes boring, resulting in losing motivation.

48
Q

Rest meaning

A

inactivity for a period of time allocated to recovery

49
Q

Recovery

A

The time required to repair damage to the body

50
Q

Adaptation in training

A

How the body reacts to training loads by increasing its ability to cope with those loads. This occurs during the recovery period after the training session is completed

GCSE (29 decks)

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