History Russia mock revision

Question 1

4 non-communist economic policies

Answer 1

• Stopped practice of requisitioning food
• Small factories (less than 20 workers) were privatised
• New rouble was introduced to end inflation
• Any extra food was allowed to be kept or even sold for a profit

Question 2

3 communist economic policies

Answer 2

• Peasants had to supply amount of what they grew to the government
• Programme of electrification continued and extended to rural areas
• All important industries such as coal and steel remained nationalised

Question 3

2 problems faced by the tsar in 1905

Answer 3

The revolution and the Russo-Japanese war

Question 4

5 short term causes of the 1905 revolution

Answer 4

• Economic slump led to high unemployment rates, angered the working classes
• Russia’s fleet was shot down in under an hour by the Japanese (after sailing for 6 months)
• Middle class were angry that Tsar wouldn’t share his power
• Nationwide food shortages due to the war effort
• Government introduced high taxation, this had disastrous effects on the people.

Question 5

5 long term causes of the 1905 revolution

Answer 5

• Peasants were dissatisfied with living conditions and how land was divided up
• Workers wanted higher wages and shorter hours
• Poor harvests in 1900 and 1902, this resulted in starvation and attacks on land owners
• Peasants had to make redemption payments over 40 years
• Governments oppressive policies the to persecution of the people.

Question 6

Bloody Sunday date and what happened

Answer 6

22nd January 1905
Father Gapon led 3,000 people to the Winter Palace in Petrograd to protest the poor living conditions and also to deliver a petition asking for a reform. Tsar wanted to protect the gate so when the protestors advanced, 10,000 cossack soldiers, opened fire. 1,000 people were killed.

Question 7

what did the October manifesto promise

Answer 7

Freedom of speech, Establish a Duma, No new laws without consent of the Duma.

Question 8

Broken October Manifesto promises

Answer 8

• Voting system was unfair, rich had more influence than the poor
• Duma had little influence over the tsar and new laws
• First 2 dumas were dismissed for demanding reforms
• Further changes introduced to exclude socialists.

Question 9

A soviet

Answer 9

Soldiers and workers in a union together (Petrograd soviet had 2500 members)

Question 10

Bolshevik strengths

Answer 10

• Lenin spent many years preparing the Bolsheviks for revolution he was a good leader
• They criticised ww1
• Leaders were ready to take power
• Red Guards put down Kornilov report
• Lenin had support of the Petrograd soviet and the Moscow soviet
• Timings were right
• Russian people now had viable opposition to support

Question 11

What did the Bolsheviks do once they took power

Answer 11

• Banned non-communist newspapers, published Prava (Bolshevik newspaper)
• Factories were put under control of worker committees
• Lenin ends the war, sent Trotsky to sign Treaty of Brest-Litvosk (signed March 1918)

Question 12

Red Strengths

Answer 12

• Controlled railway, good for supplies
• High Moral
• Trotsky was a good organiser and leader, clever use of propaganda
• War communism

Question 13

White Weaknesses

Answer 13

• No one aim - Leaders wanted different things
• No single leader
• Generals were brutal and harsh
• White terror
• Whites appeared to be puppets of the foreign powers

Question 14

When did the bolsheviks establish the Cheka and what were they

Answer 14

December 1917, Secret police

Question 15

When were the Tsar and his family murdered

Answer 15

July 18th 1918

Question 16

January 1905

Answer 16

400,000 workers on strike by end of month

Government couldn’t control the outbreaks

Question 17

February 1905

Answer 17

Strikes spread to cities in the west

workers demanded 8 hrs a day

Question 18

March and May 1905

Answer 18

Russian army and navy defeated by japan

Led to demands for change

Question 19

June 1905

Answer 19

Middle class liberals demanded freedom of speech and the right to form political parties

Question 20

July 1905

Answer 20

Peasants rioted, land was seized by them and landowners were looted and burned

Question 21

September 1905

Answer 21

Peace treaty signed between Russia and Japan in 1905 - to end the Russo-Japanese war - Treaty of Portsmouth

Question 22

October 1905

Answer 22

October 30th, the October manifesto was introduced, promises made by the tsar that gave in to the demands of the people
Petrograd Soviet was formed, spread and formed in other cities

Question 23

December 1905

Answer 23

Tsar sent troops to put down Moscow soviet

Question 24

Who were the PG led by

Answer 24

Alexander Kerensky

Question 25

PG was made up of…

Answer 25

12 men

Question 26

PG weaknesses

Answer 26

Failed to solve food shortages 
Unwilling to hand over land to peasants
Continued fighting in ww1
Did not make decisions quickly
Lost support of the army
Petrograd soviet were too strong