Sports Psychology- Guidance & Feedback

Question 1

What do coaches have to take in account whilst coaching?

Answer 1

1)The individual learner’s personality/learning style. 2)The learner’s ability level in the activity. 3)The sport/skill being taught.4)The facilities available.

Question 2

What are the 4 main methods a coach will use?

Answer 2

• Visual guidance.
• Verbal guidance.
• Manual guidance.
• Mechanical guidance.

Question 3

What is visual guidance?

Answer 3

Where you are seen how to do something. The most common way is the coach performing it themselves/asking someone to perform it. Or showing a video.

Question 4

How could visual guidance use a target to help train someone?

Answer 4

They could set a target to hit- example is a lay-up shot, would be to hit near top corner of small square on backboard.

Question 5

What is verbal guidance?

Answer 5

Where the coach verbally explains how to perform an action.

Question 6

What can go wrong with verbal guidance?

Answer 6

Can be helpful-as long as it’s clear. It can be difficult for beginners to understand verbal guidance, especially if a difficult skill.

Question 7

What is manual and mechanical guidance?

Answer 7

Is when the coach is actually in contact with the learner as they perform the skill.

Question 8

Example of manual/mechanical guidance?

Answer 8

Only possible in some sports. E.g in gymnastics the coach can work on the trampoline with the performer.

Question 9

Advantages of visual guidance?

Answer 9

Through demonstration or video, means the learner knows what skill they have to perform and how how it should look.

Question 10

Disadvantages of visual guidance?

Answer 10

If given in form of video, learners will not be able to ask questions to clarify their understandings.

Question 11

Advantages of verbal guidance?

Answer 11

The coach can explain in further detail or emphasise specific points about the skill.

Question 12

Disadvantages of verbal guidance?

Answer 12

Can be difficult for beginners to understand verbal guidance, especially if it’s to do with a complicated skill.

Question 13

Advantages of manual/mechanical guidance?

Answer 13

The coach can help the performer to execute the skill safely and successfully and ‘feel’ how the movement should be done.

Question 14

Disadvantage of mechanical/manual guidance?

Answer 14

Not possible for all sports.

Question 15

What different types of feedback are there?

Answer 15

Intrinsic.
Extrinsic.
Concurrent.

Question 16

What is intrinsic feedback?

Answer 16

Comes from the performer themselves, as they think about how they feel they performed or what contribution they made to a team or game.

Question 17

What is an advantage of intrinsic feedback? What could go wrong with this?

Answer 17

Motivates the performer, however if they performed poorly they may not want to try the sport again.

Question 18

Disadvantage of intrinsic feedback?

Answer 18

A novice performer may have little knowledge of the skill so a coach giving feedback may be more beneficial.

Question 19

What is extrinsic feedback?

Answer 19

Comes from an outside source (e.g teacher, coach) this sort of feedback is important to motivate them to improve and practise their skills. And continue playing.

Question 20

What is concurrent feedback?

Answer 20

Is given at the time of the performance. For example a coach at the sideline during a match. This sort of feedback can be acted on immediately.

Question 21

What is terminal feedback?

Answer 21

Given at end of a game/performance. This sort of feedback has a benefit of being more reflective and giving an overview of the whole performance.