Peformance Enhancing Drugs (PED's)

Question 1

What are performance enhancing drugs?

Answer 1

A substance that can be taken in a variety of ways to produce an expected and welcomed physical and/or physiological effects.

Question 2

Why do people take performance enhancing drugs?

Answer 2

• Improve their performance
• Some people are encouraged to do so by their coaches or fellow athletes
• The reward of winning
• Pressure

Question 3

Anabolic steroids

Answer 3

Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscles growth

Question 4

Benefits of anabolic steroids

Answer 4

Benefits-Increase muscle mass and develop bone growth,therefore increasing strength, while at the same time allowing the athlete to train harder and recover quicker.

Question 5

Side effects

Answer 5

Increased risk of muscle injury, increased risk of heart attacks and strokes, high blood pressure.

Question 6

Beta blockers

Answer 6

Drugs that are used to control the heart rate and have a calming and relaxing effect.

Question 7

Benefits of Beta blockers

Answer 7

Can help in target sports where steadiness and precision are required, because they reduce heart rate.

Question 8

Side effects of beta blockers

Answer 8

Nausea,diarrhoea,tiredness,depression,insomnia, and nightmares.

Question 9

Narcotics and analgesics

Answer 9

Narcotics- drugs that effect mood or behaviour, including drowsiness and relieving pain.
Analgesics- they are painkillers.

Question 10

Benefits of narcotics and analgesics

Answer 10

These drugs act by depressing the central nervous system and give relief from painful injuries, but allowing the injured player to take part, they can increase the risk of severe or long-lasting injury.

Question 11

Side effects of narcotics and analgesics

Answer 11

Loss of coordination, loss of balance, loss of concentration and emotional effects.

Question 12

Diuretics

Answer 12

Drugs that elevate the rate of urine production

Question 13

Benefits of diuretics

Answer 13

Can help performers who need to lose weight. Diuretics may also be used to reduce concentration of any other banned substance that may be present in urine.

Question 14

Side effects of diuretics

Answer 14

Dehydration, which can cause dizziness, muscle cramps, headaches and nausea.

Question 15

Peptide hormones

Answer 15

Increases the rate of maturation of red blood cells

Question 16

Benefits of peptide hormones.

Answer 16

Increase muscles growth, assist in recovery from injury and heavy training sessions. Allow the body to carry extra oxygen, and disperse waste products and lactic acid.

Question 17

Side effects of peptide hormones

Answer 17

Blood becomes thicker, which makes it more difficult to pass through the small capillaries and increase the risk of heart attack or stroke.

Question 18

Growth hormones

Answer 18

Is used to increase their muscle development (very similar to steroids)

Question 19

Benefits of growth hormones

Answer 19

Increase muscle growth (strength and size). Not as many side effects as steroids.

Question 20

Side effects of growth hormones

Answer 20

Minimal side effects, can be detected in blood test instead of urine test

Question 21

Stimulants

Answer 21

Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system , such as /or physical alertness. Eg, amphetamines,ephedrine and cocaine, as well as nicotine and caffeine.

Question 22

Benefits of stimulants

Answer 22

Increase alertness, enabling people to think more by stimulating the central nervous system. Overcome tiredness. Reduce the effects of lactic acid on muscles.

Question 23

Side effects of stimulants

Answer 23

Insomnia, irregular/increased heart beat, high blood pressure and addiction