Sport Psychology - personality Flashcards
What is the definition of personal personality?
The patterns of thoughts and feelings and the way we interact with our environment and other people that make us a unique person.
What are three characteristics of a type A personality?
Impatient
Intolerant
High stress levels
What are three characteristics of the type B personality?
Relaxed
Tolerant
Low stress levels
What is anxiety?
A negative emotional state that is closely related with arousal. It is experiencing apprehension and being aware of high arousal linked to our fears and worries.
What is state anxiety?
Anxiety that is felt in a particular situation. There are two types of somatic the bodies response and cognitive psychological worry over the situation.
What are stable personality traits?
A personality characteristic of someone who doesn’t swing from one emotion to the other and their characteristics remain constant and predictable.
What are unstable personality traits?
A personality characteristic of someone who is high anxious and has unpredictable and changeable emotions.
What is extroversion?
A personality characteristic of a person who seeks social situations and likes excitement but lacks concentration.
What is introversion?
A personality characteristic of a person who doesn’t seek social situations, likes peace and quiet but is good at concentrating.
What is arousal?
The energised state or the readiness for action that motivates us to behave in a particular way.
How does the RAS explain introversion and extroversion?
Extrovert have a RAS that inhibits the effect of external sensory stimuli which can lead to areas of the brain experiencing low levels of arousal. They seek more excel stimulation to achieve higher levels of internal arousal and will be more outgoing to be successful.
Introverts have high levels of arousal naturally occurring in their brains so tend to avoid external stimulation and will be likely to shy away from social situation
How are personalities changed by social learning?
Shaped by those around us and we are more likely to adopt the personality of role models we come into contact with.
What is the interactionist approached personality?
A combination of trait and social learning theory
Born with certain personality characteristics, but these can be modified by interacting with the environment
Traits appear consistently but sometimes Ori traits interact with environmental factors.
What is the equation to the Interactionist approach?
B = f(PE)
B = behaviour
F = function
P = personality trait
E = environment
The formula is a simplistic but useful way of understanding. The interaction is approach the interaction between personality and the situation determines our behaviour. .
What is positive self regard?
Having confidence and valuing oneself in a sports performance.
Evaluate personality as an explanation for sport persons
– Many sports psychologist think that personality traits have no influence on whether someone is a good sports person.
– The sceptical group feel that the study of personality and its with sport has little value
– Credulous group feel that there is some link between personality participation and performance in sport.
