Skill Acquisition - Types And Methods Of Practice Flashcards
What is the part method?
Learn each sub routine of the skills separately. Used when the skill is low organisation and can be split into sub routines. It allows the performer to make sense of the skill. It can be useful in learning a dangerous skill. Gives performer confidence by learning each element of the skills separately.
What is fractionation?
This involves practising the separate sub routines of the whole skill (part).
What is segmentation?
This involves splitting the skill into parts and then practising part so that one part is practised with the next part (progressive part method).
What is simplification?
Involves reducing the difficulty of the sub routines of the skill.
What are motor programs?
Generalised series of movement stored in the long-term memory and retrieved by a single decision.
What is the ‘whole’ method?
A skill is taught without breaking it down to subroutines. It gives the player a true feel for the skill so they can positively transfer from practices to real situations. Good for quick and continuous skills as components interact closely with each other.
What is the whole part whole method?
The performer attempts the whole skill and practices the skill in sub routines then put them together again to practice as a whole. Suited to serial and organisation skills because routines have distinct features. Identify strengths and weaknesses.
What is the progressive part method?
A serial skill is broken down into subroutines the performer learns one our time and then add it onto the next routine. Delana gets the idea of the complete movement and the relationship between the various sub routines.
What is massed practice?
Involves no rest intervals in the session it is continuous.
What is distributed practice?
Involves relatively long rest between trials. The rest shouldn’t involve activities that can lead to negative, but they can be unrelated to the sport.
Give four points to compare mass and distributed practice
– Research has shown that distributed practice is generally best as massed practice can lead to poor performance and hinder the process due to fatigue and motivation.
– Massed may help learning discrete skills as they are relatively short in duration.
– Distributed is best for learning continuous skills as the player rapidly becomes tired
– Distributed is best with potentially dangerous tasks as it insures that physical and mental fatigue don’t negatively affect performance and put the performance in danger.
What is fixed practice?
Involves a stable and predictable practice environment conditions which remains the same.
What is varied practice?
The performer gets range of practice experiences in changing environments.
