Spirituality and diversity Flashcards
spirituality definition
a complex concept that is unique to each individual and is dependent upon a person’s culture, development, life experiences, beliefs, and ideas about life
four aspects of spiritual wellness
awareness of one’s inner self
connection to a higher being
values
highly individualized
spiritual wellness attributes -8
harmony
purpose
self-acceptance
clear values
positive outlook
peace
balance
growth
3 questions of joy
what gives you joy?
do you feel fulfilled?
what is giving you meaning in life?
spiritual wellness has a positive effect on _______
health
spiritual wellness leads to a enhanced quality of _____
life
spiritual wellness helps you _______ hardship and even mortality
accept
2 types of spirituality
Religious
Non-religious
Spirituality ________ have to include religion
does not
how spirituality affects health -5
reduces stress
improves outcomes with chronic conditions
helps with pain management
comfort for dying and bereaving
enhances recovery
spirituality in the healing process -3
enhances comfort
provides inner peace
helps pt’s come to terms with disability and death
Relationships include -4
self
family
friends
loved ones
aspects of relationships that affect spirituality- 5
love
trust
hurt
mistrust
communication
spiritual distress
Experiencing a disturbance in their belief system that is the source of strength and hope
actions of nursing care -4
nurse-pt relationship
use of support system
diet
prayer/meditation
nursing actions -3
offer to contact pastoral care
plan activities to promote the healing of body, mind, and spirit
offer to teach techniques to cope
religion
organized beliefs and worship
agnostic
nothing is known or can be known of the existence or nature of God; neither belief or disbelief
atheist
does not believe in the existence of God or gods and am ultimate reality
roman catholicism -6
daily mass
last rites
praying the rosary
meat-free diet on Fridays during lent
confession
baptism of infants
birth control may be prohibited
mormanism -6
healthful living
believe in Jesus
forgiveness of sins
baptism of newborn
last rites
communion
jehovahs witness -3
no holidays
refusal of blood products
no immediate afterlife
Mennonites -5
Christian
pacifism
speak low german/spanish
modest apparel
god>man>woman
Islam (Muslim) -6
prayer 3-5 times a day
face, hands, and feet are washed before prayer
the right hand is used for everything but elimination
no pork or alcohol
gender concordant care
modesty
judaism -6
kosher foods
Sabbath from sunset Friday to sunset Saturday
sabbath may not want to use the call light
cremation is prohibited
daily prayers
circumcisions 7 days after birth
buddhism -5
no belief in a personal creator
mindfulness and mental clarity
prefer family to bathe, toileting, ext.
suffering is a part of life
karma
hinduism -5
reincarnation
hygiene is important
cremation on day 2
right hand for feeding left hand for toileting
elders have a strong influence on decisions
what is diversity
unique variations between individuals informed by genetics and cultural background, refined by experience and personal choice
what is culture
learned and shared beliefs
transcultural nursing
comparative study of cultures to understand similarities and differences across human groups
cultural sensitivity
being aware of cultural similarities and differences of others without assigning them value based on similarities or differences
cultural competence
requires acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes to ensure delivery of culturally congruent care
cultural awareness
self exam of ones own bias
cultural knowledge
sound education base about diversity
cultural skills
gathering information through a cultural assessment and being aware of physical findings that are based on race/ethnicity
cultural encounters
engage face to face
cultural desire
want to engage with diverse populations
bias
one-sidedness, tendency to lean a certain way
prejudices
Negative attitudes towards others based on race, gender, sexual orientation, ext.
ethnocentrism
believing your way of living is superior to others
cultural imposition
use their own values and lifestyles and the absolute guide in dealing with patients
cultural stereotype
all people of a certain racial or ethnic group are alike in certain aspects
Discrimination
behavior manifestations of prejudices
culture and life transitions -4
pregnancy
childbirth
newborn
grief and loss
things to check in a cultural assessment -6
family structure
communication patterns
foods with significance
time orientation
space
control
ethnicity
a cultural groups shared identity such as values, language, geographical space, racial characteristics
race
the grouping of people based on biological similarities and attributes
etic
outsider perspective
emic
insider perspective
health disparities
health differences because of a social, economic, or environmental disadvantage or part of marginalized groups.
what are stressors
physical, emotional, or psychological perceived demands that may lead to growth, personal development or a crisis
stress is the result of-
an exposure to a stressor
flight or fight response definition
arousal of the sympathetic nervous system
3 stage response resulting from a stressor
alarm
resistance
exhaustion
stress assessment -3
perception of threat
past coping patterns
social
cognitive s&s of stress
decreased concentration, comprehension, and memory
behavioral s&s of stress
irritability, withdrawal, violence
emotional s&s of stress
fear, anxiety, depression, fatigue
physiological s&s of stress
increased BP,HR, resp., somatic symptoms, decreased immune response
what is coping
ways in which external or internal stress is managed, adapted to, or acted upon.
