SPINE - inflammatory

Question 1

What are the 3 MRI signs of SRMA? Which level?

Answer 1

Meningeal contrast enhancement (87%)
In the absence of meningeal CE: lower TNCC

Enhancement of the synovium of the articular facets (49%)

Muscular contrast enhancement in the cervical region (49%)

Mostly detected between C2 and C4 (70-76%)

Question 2

What is the proportion of dogs diagnosed with GME with neurological deficits suggestive of a myelopathy?

Answer 2

8%

Question 3

What is the overall relapse rate among Bernese mountain dogs with SRMA?

Answer 3

> 60%

Question 4

What is the pathogenesis of SRMA?

Answer 4

Th2 (IL-4, humoral immunity)
* Increase IL-4, 5, 10
* Decrease IL-2, INF-gamma
* High CD4/CD8 ratio

Th17 (IL-17, inflammation)
* Chemotactically influence neutrophils

Upregulation of TGF-B1 intrathecally
* IgA synthesis
* Selective recruitment of LB in blood and CSF

Dysregulation of neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) due to many pro-inflammatory and autoantigenic stimuli

Increased VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor)

Question 5

Frequency of relapse in SRMA is…

1.Associated with lower steroids dosage
2.Associated with TNCC in CSF
3.Associated with MRI meningeal enhancement
4.Lowest in younger dogs

Answer 5

2.

Question 6

Give 3 factors associated with SMRA for dogs presented with cervicalgia.

Answer 6

Young age, pyrexia, haemato abnomalities

Question 7

What are the 2 gene loci suspected in SRMA in NSDTR?

Answer 7

PP3CA
DAPP1

Question 8

Th1 plays a major role in SRMA: true or false?

Answer 8

False

Mainly Th2 and Th17
Th1-related cytokines and consequently the Th1-induced immune response are downregulated

Question 9

chemokines with important role in SRMA

Answer 9

IL6, IL8, IL17, MMP2, MMP9