BRAIN - Malformation Flashcards
Which breed is predisposed for lobar holoprosencephaly? Alobar?
Lobar: miniature Schnauzer
Alobar: Burmese
What is the mechanism for holoprosencephaly?
Failure of initiation of development and bifurcation of forebrain / telencephalic vesicles
What is the single feline breed that has the higher proportion of crowding of the contents of the caudal fossa or cerebellar herniation through the foramen magnum, seen in sagittal brain MRI?
Persian
What are the clinical features associated with syringobulbia?
Small breed
Adult
Concurrent SHM
Neurological deficits cranial to SC (not explained by SHM)
Solitary medulla oblongata syringobulbia
What is the prevalence of olfactory recess dilation in healthy cats?
11%
(Overall: 37% of cats)
Not associated with age, sex, breed, or with the presence of nasal disease.
The CSF flow is unidirectional: true or false?
False
CSF displayed a bidirectional flow pattern on 2D cardiac-gated phase-contrast MRI at each location.
Which of the following statements about supracollicular fluid accumulations in dogs is correct?
1/ Dogs are more likely to have clinical signs if cerebellum and occipital lobes are compressed
2/ Most frequent clinical signs is blindness
3/ Occipital lobe compression of at least 50% was associated with clinical signs
4/ can cause absent pupillary light reflexes
a
Causes of meningoencephalocoele in cat?
Griseofulvin during pregnancy
Burmese cat craniofacial malformation (ALX1)
What are the 2 main clinical signs associated with meningocele and meningoencephalocele in dogs? The 2 main MRI signs?
Signs: seizures and behavioral abnormalities
CSF rhinorrhoea and refractory seizures are indications for surgery.
MRI: porencephaly (100%), meningeal enhancement of the protruded tissue (77%)
In Persians, high grades of brachycephaly are associated with malformations of the calvarial and facial bones as well as dental malformations: true or false?
True
The endocranial volume was significantly lower in doll-face than peke-face Persians,
What breed has been postulated to have a predisposition for 4rth ventricle arachnoid diverticula?
Border Collie
French Bulldog
Pug
None
border collie
What is the percentage of English Bulldogs undergoing MRI with some degree of cerebral ventriculomegaly?
56%
76%
86%
96%
96%
Syringobulbia may evolve from bulbous to slit?
False, only from slit to bulbous
Parietal meningoencephalocele is the most common type in dogs: true or false?
False
No parietal MEC was described in dogs, only parietal MC.
Moreover, intranasal MEC are more common than parietal MC.
