spinal cord injury Flashcards
1
Q
initial injury caused by
A
- cord compression
- interruption of blood supply
- traction
- penetrating trauma (GSW or stab wounds)
2
Q
primary injury
A
initial disruption of axons
3
Q
secondary injury
A
ongoing damage progressive damage after initial injury
- ischemia
- hypoxia
- microhemorrhage
- edema
4
Q
spinal shock
A
- a temporary neurologic syndrome
- occurs at the time of injury
- all cord function below the level of the lesion ceases
5
Q
neurogenic shock
A
- d/t loss of vasomotor tone caused by the injury
- hypotension, bradycardia, warm extremities
- associated with cervical or high thoracic injuries T6 or higher
6
Q
classification of injury
A
- mechanism
- level
- degree (complete vs incomplete)
7
Q
C1-C3 injury remaining movements
A
- movement in neck and above
- loss of innervation to diaphragm
- absence of respiratory function
8
Q
C4 injury remaining movements
A
- sensation and mvmt in neck and above
- may be able to breath without a ventilator
9
Q
C5 injury remaining movements
A
- full neck, partial shoulder, back, biceps
- gross elobw
- inability to roll over or use hands
- decreased respiratory reserve
10
Q
C6 injury remaining movements
A
- shoulder and upper back abduction and rotation at shoulder
- full biceps to elbow flexion
- wrist extension
- weak grasp of thumb
- decreased respiratory reserve
11
Q
C7-C8 injury remaining movements
A
- all triceps to elbow extension
- finger extensors and flexors
- good grasp with some decreased strength
- decreased respiratory reserve
12
Q
T1-T6 injury remaining movements
A
- full use of upper extremities, back, intrinsic muscles of the hand
- full dexterity of grasp with some decreased strength
- decreased respiratory reserve
13
Q
T6-T12 injury remaining movements
A
- full, stable thoracic muscles and upper back
- functional intercostals resulting in increased respiratory reserve
14
Q
L1-L2 injury remaining movements
A
- varying control of legs and pelvis
- instability of lower back
15
Q
L3-L4 injury remaining movements
A
- quadriceps and hip flexors
- absence of hamstring function
- flail ankles
