liver dysfunction Flashcards
1
Q
vascular functions of liver
A
- stores blood
- filters blood
2
Q
metabolic functions of liver
A
- carbohydrates
- protein
- fat
- detoxification
- steroid metabolism
3
Q
storage functions of liver
A
- blood
- glucose
- vitamins
- fat
- minerals
- proteins
4
Q
mononuclear phagocyte system - function of liver
A
- breakdown of RBCs, WBCs, and bacteria
- breakdown of hgb from old RBCs to bilirubin
5
Q
cirrhosis
A
- chronic progressive disease of the liver
- excessive degeneration
- destruction of the liver cells
- liver can regenerate itself, but once the cell dies, it cannot
6
Q
types of cirrhosis
A
- alcoholic
- postnecrotic
- biliary
- cardiac
7
Q
alcoholic cirrhosis
A
- associated with etoh abuse
- accumulation of fat in the liver cells
- fatty changes are potentially reversible
8
Q
postnecrotic cirrhosis
A
- massive necrosis of the liver following a:
- viral infection
- metabolic disorders
- exposure of industrial chemicals and hepatotoxins
9
Q
biliary cirrhosis
A
- associated with chronic biliary obstruction and infection
- there is diffused fibrosis of the liver with jaundice as the main feature
10
Q
cardiac cirrhosis
A
- chronic liver disease
- results from long term severe R sided HF
- associated with cir pulmonate, constrictive pericarditis, and tricuspid insufficiency
11
Q
primary biliary cirrhosis
A
- chronic inflammatory condition
- genetic and environmental factors
- t-cell mediated attack of the small bile duct epithelial cells
12
Q
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
A
- group of disorders characterized by hepatic steatosis
- fatty changes in the hepatocytes
- inflammation and scaring
13
Q
diagnostic testing for cirrhosis
A
- LFTs
- aPTT, PT, INR
- total protein, alb, MP, y-globulins
- bilirubin
- decreased chol levels
- ammonia
- CT, liver scan and biopsy
- EGD, abd US
14
Q
classifications child’s cirrhosis
A
-used to determine the prognosis and life span for cirrhosis
15
Q
child’s classification is based upon
A
- albumin
- ascites
- total bilirubin
- PT
- encephalopathy
16
Q
classification MELD
A
- assesses the severity of chronic liver disease
- predicts death within 3 months of surgery in patients who had undergone a TIPS procedure
- determining and prioritizing for receipt of a liver transplant
17
Q
early s/s of cirrhosis
A
- onset usually insidious
- anorexia
- dyspepsia
- flatulence
- n/v
- change in bowel habits **
- abd pain (dull, heavy feeling)
- palpable liver
18
Q
late s/s of cirrhosis
A
- neuro: hyperactive reflexes, + babinski, asterixis (hands flexed, still shaking), altered LOC, peripheral neuropathy
- jaundice, pruritus
- spider angiomas
- palmar erythema
- hema: thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, coag disorders, splenomegaly
- endocrine problems
19
Q
meds for cirrhosis
A
- propanolol
- lactulose
- vitamin K
- PPI
- diuretics
- mag sulfate
- H2 blocker
20
Q
diet for cirrhosis
A
- high calorie
- high carbs
- protein: 1-1.5g/kg/day
- low fat
- 2g Na restriction
- enteral formulas (ammonia taken out of protein)
21
Q
complications of cirrhosis
A
- portal HTN
- esophageal varices
- ascites
- hepatic encephalopathy
- hepatorenal syndrome
