liver dysfunction 2 Flashcards
1
Q
hepatitis
A
- inflammation of liver d/t virus
- A, B, C, D, E, G
- may also be caused by etoh, drugs, chemicals, and autoimmune liver dz
2
Q
preicteric/prodomal phase of hepatitis
A
- lasts from 1-21 days
- maximal infectivity for HAV
3
Q
icteric phase of hepatitis
A
- lasts 1-4 months
- jaundice, pruritus, dark urine
- gray, white, light yellow stool
4
Q
posticteric/convalescent phase
A
- lasts 2-4 months
- begins when jaundice disappears
5
Q
s/s of hepatitis
A
- anorexia, n/v, wt loss
- decrease sense of smell
- RUQ abd discomfort
- malaise, arthralgias
- skin rash, urticaria, pruritus, jaundice
- low grade fever
- hepatomegaly, splenomegaly
- dark urine, light stools
6
Q
abnormal labs in hepatitis
A
- AST/ALT
- GTT
- Alk phos
- bilirubin
- aPTT
7
Q
chronic hepatitis
A
- labs still show antigen for 6+ months
- liver biopsy may be required to assess inflammation and degree of fibrosis
- risk of developing hepatic carcinoma and cirrhosis
8
Q
s/s of chronic hepatitis
A
- easy fatigability
- malaise
- hepatomegaly
- splenomegaly subsides
9
Q
collaborative care for hepatitis
A
- no specific tx
- ensure rest and assist the liver in regenerating
- rest reduces the metabolic demands on the liver and promotes cell regeneration
10
Q
nutritional tx for hepatitis
A
- no special diet needed
- enough calories to prevent wt loss
- vitamin B and K
- small frequent meals: increase carbs and protein, decrease fats
- adequate fluids
11
Q
alcohol w/d syndrome
A
- s/s begins within 6/12 hours
- usually relieved by consuming alcohol
12
Q
classic hangover
A
early and mild alcohol w/d
13
Q
assessment of alcohol w/d
A
- type of alcohol
- duration
- time of last ingestion
- reason for stopping
- previous w/d s/s
- meds
- medical problems
14
Q
stage 1 of w/d
A
- mild anxiety and alcohol craving
- 6-12 hours
15
Q
stage 2 of w/d
A
- 24-36 hours
- excessive adrenergic effects
16
Q
stage 3 of w/d
A
- 12-48 hours
- tonic clonic sz
- not everyone goes to stage III
17
Q
stage 4 of w/d
A
- 48-72
- delirium tremors
18
Q
tx of w/d
A
- bzd (ativan)
- CV agents: propanolol, clonidine
- thiamine, vit b-12, mvi, folic acid
- ethanol 10% 50-75mL/hr
- mg sulfate 2g/L
- propfol
