Specilaisation Of Cells

Question 1

What are multicellular organisms?

Answer 1

Multicellular organisms are organisms that contain more than one type of cell

Question 2

What is meant by a ‘specialised cell’

Answer 2

Specialised cells are cells with unique structures and functions in the body

Question 3

What is the structure and function of a nerve cell?

Answer 3

Long connection length for transmitting signals over long distance from sensors to the brain

Question 4

What is the structure and function of a red blood cell?

Answer 4

Has biconcave shape and no nucleus giving it a large surface area so it can carry more oxygen

Question 5

What is the structure and function of a sperm cell?

Answer 5

Has long tail in order to fertilise the egg

Question 6

What is the structure and function of a root hair cell?

Answer 6

Long and thin so has a large surface area to absorb more water

Question 7

What is the structure and function of a palisade leaf cell?

Answer 7

Has many chloroplasts to carry out photosynthesis

Question 8

What is the structure and function of a ciliated cell?

Answer 8

-Lines cavities e.g. airways and oviduct
-Has tiny hairs to help move dirt out of lungs and move eggs along oviduct

Question 9

What is the importance of the specialisation of stem cells?

Answer 9

Cells become specialised to give rise to a variety of cells, each with a particular function

Question 10

Describe the role of an organ, explaining the terms tissue, organ and organ system

Answer 10

-A tissue is a group of cells
-An organ in a group of tissues
-An organ system is a group of organs

An organ contains cells specialised for a particular function and groups of organs work together to form systems

Question 11

What is the hierarchy of organ systems?

Answer 11

Cells ➡️ Tissues ➡️ Organs ➡️ Organ Systems

Question 12

Give examples of tissues and organs and the body system they are involved with in animals

Answer 12

-Muscle cells (muscle level)
-Muscle tissue (tissue level)
-Heart (organ level)
-Cardiovascular system (organ system level)
-Many organ systems (organism level)

Question 13

Give examples of tissues and organs and the body system they are involved with in plants

Answer 13

-Root hair cell (specialised cell)
-Root tissue (tissue)
-Root (organ)
-Vascular bundle make up transport system (system)
-Transport system makes up part of a plant (organism)